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Runestone
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===Other types of runestones=== Another interesting class of runestone is rune-stone-as-self promotion. Bragging was a virtue in Norse society, a habit in which the heroes of sagas often indulged, and is exemplified in runestones of the time. Hundreds of people had stones carved with the purpose of advertising their own achievements or positive traits. A few examples will suffice: * [[Uppland Rune Inscription 1011|U 1011]]: "Vigmund had this stone carved in memory of himself, the cleverest of men. May God help the soul of Vigmund, the ship captain. Vigmund and Åfrid carved this memorial while he lived." * [[Frösö Runestone]]: "Östman Gudfast's son made the bridge, and he Christianized Jämtland" * Dr 212: "Eskill Skulkason had this stone raised to himself. Ever will stand this memorial that Eskill made;" * [[Jarlabanke Runestones#U 164|U 164]]: "Jarlabanki had this stone put up in his own lifetime. And he made this causeway for his soul's sake. And he owned the whole of [[Täby]] by himself. May God help his soul." Other runestones, as evidenced in two of the previous three inscriptions, memorialize the pious acts of relatively new Christians. In these, we can see the kinds of good works people who could afford to commission runestones undertook. Other inscriptions hint at religious beliefs. For example, one reads: * [[Risbyle Runestones#U 160|U 160]]: "Ulvshattil and Gye and Une ordered this stone erected in memory of Ulv, their good father. He lived in Skolhamra. God and God's Mother save his spirit and soul, endow him with light and paradise." Although most runestones were set up to perpetuate the memories of men, many speak of women, often represented as conscientious landowners and pious Christians: * [[Södermanland Runic Inscription 101|Sö 101]]: "Sigrid, Alrik's mother, Orm's daughter made this bridge for her husband Holmgers, father of Sigoerd, for his soul" as important members of extended families: * Br Olsen;215: "Mael-Lomchon and the daughter of Dubh-Gael, whom Adils had to wife, raised this cross in memory of Mael-Muire, his fostermother. It is better to leave a good fosterson than a bad son" and as much-missed loved ones: * [[Dynna stone|N 68]]: "Gunnor, Thythrik's daughter, made a bridge in memory of her daughter Astrid. She was the most skilful girl in Hadeland." <gallery widths="200px" heights="200px"> File:Runenstein Blauzahn 2.jpg|The [[Jelling stones]] which triggered the great runestone trend in Scandinavia{{According to whom|date=November 2015}} File:Gs 13, Gävle.jpg|The runestone [[Gs 13]] documents an early 11th-century Swedish Viking who died in Finland File:Runesten fra Kingittorsuaq.jpg|The [[Kingittorsuaq Runestone]] from [[Greenland]] File:Kbh DR216 Tirsted sten 1.jpg|Runestone from Tirsted in the National Museum of Denmark File:Tirsted-stenen Dmr tgn sa 0165.tif|Runestone from Tirsted drawing from 1765 </gallery>
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