Editing Sialkot (section)

==== Mughal ====
[[Abdul Hakim Sialkoti]] was a 16th-17th century [[Mughal Empire|Mughal-era]] [[Ulama|Islamic scholar]], [[Schools of Islamic theology|Islamic theologian]] and [[Islamic philosophy|Islamic philosopher]] from Sialkot. He became the most influential Islamic scholar in the Mughal imperial court, and taught in the imperial ''[[Madrasa|madrassa]].''<ref name="nasr">{{Cite book |last1=Nasr |first1=Seyyed Hossein |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uPWLvDmhaIsC&pg=PT1064 |title=History of Islamic Philosophy |last2=Leaman |first2=Oliver |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-78043-1 |pages=1064–1065 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="schimmel2">{{Cite book |last=Schimmel |first=Annemarie |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wfVgEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA94 |title=Islam in the Indian Subcontinent |date=2022 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-49299-8 |pages=94–96 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Nisa |first=Nahim-Un |url=https://archive.org/details/moulanaabdulhakeemsialkotid1067a.d.lifeandworksbynahimunnisa/mode/1up |title=Moulana Abdul Hakeem Sialkoti (d 1067 A. D.): Life And Works |date=1997 |publisher=[[Aligarh Muslim University]] |location=Agra |language=ur}}</ref> After Abdul Hakim Sialkoti's death in 1656, his son Maulvī Abdullah became chief scholar of Sialkot, and his ''madrassa'' became a centre of learning.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Casalini |first1=Cristiano |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h98eEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA137 |title=Education beyond Europe: Models and Traditions before Modernities |last2=Choi |first2=Edward |last3=Woldegiyorgis |first3=Ayenachew A. |date=2021 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-44147-7 |pages=137 |language=en}}</ref>

During the early Mughal era, Sialkot was made part of the ''subah,'' or "province", of Lahore.<ref name=":6" /> According to Sikh tradition, [[Guru Nanak]], the founder of [[Sikhism]], visited the city,<ref name="Dhillon">Dhillon, Iqbal S. (1998). ''Folk Dances of Panjab''. Delhi: National Book Shop.</ref> sometime in the early 16th century. He is said to have met Hamza Ghaus, a prominent Sufi mystic based in Sialkot, at a site now commemorated by the city's [[Gurdwara Beri Sahib]].

During the [[Akbar]] era, Sialkot's ''[[pargana]]'' territory was placed in the ''jagir'' [[Jagir|custodianship]] of [[Raja Man Singh]], who would repair the city's fort, and sought to increase its population and develop its economy.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4y9zAAAAMAAJ&q=sialkot+akbar|title=Punjab, the land of beauty, love, and mysticism|last=Quddus|first=Syed Abdul|date=1992|publisher=Royal Book Co.|isbn=9789694071305}}</ref> In 1580 [[Yousuf Shah Chak]] of [[Kashmir]] sought refuge in the city during his exile from the Valley of Kashmir.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2U9uAAAAMAAJ&q=sialkot+jehangir|title=The Kachhwahas under Akbar and Jahangir|last=Khan|first=Refaqat Ali|date=1976|publisher=Kitab Pub. House}}</ref> Paper-makers from Kashmir migrated to the city during the Akbar period,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dfAJAQAAIAAJ&q=sialkot+paper+kashmir|title=Iqbal Manzil, Sialkot: An Introduction|last=Khan|first=Ahmad Nabi|date=1977|publisher=Department of Archaeology & Museums, Government of Pakistan}}</ref> and Sialkot later became renowned as the source of the prized Mughal ''Hariri'' paper – known for its brilliant whiteness and strength.<ref name=":12" /> The city's metalworkers also provided the Mughal crown with much of its weaponry.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=63oMAQAAMAAJ&q=sialkot|title=Aurangzeb|last=Elphinstone|first=Mountstuart|date=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195475753}}</ref>

During the reign of [[Jahangir]], the post was given to Safdar Khan, who rebuilt the city's fort, and oversaw a further increase in Sialkot's prosperity.<ref name=":12" /> Numerous fine houses and gardens were built in the city during the Jehangir period.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dfAJAQAAIAAJ&q=Rang+Mahal|title=Iqbal Manzil, Sialkot: An Introduction|last=Khan|first=Ahmad Nabi|date=1977|publisher=Department of Archaeology & Museums, Government of Pakistan}}</ref> During the [[Shah Jahan]] period, the city was placed under the rule of [[Ali Mardan Khan]].<ref name=":14"/>

The last Mughal emperor, [[Aurangzeb]], appointed Ganga Dhar as ''faujdar''  of the city until 1654.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7L0bAAAAIAAJ&q=sialkot+aurangzeb|title=Region and empire: Panjab in the seventeenth century|last=Singh|first=Chetan|date=1991|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195627596}}</ref> Rahmat Khan was then placed in charge of the city, and would build a mosque in the city.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dfAJAQAAIAAJ&q=sialkot+aurangzeb|title=Iqbal Manzil, Sialkot: An Introduction|last=Khan|first=Ahmad Nabi|date=1977|publisher=Department of Archaeology & Museums, Government of Pakistan}}</ref> Under Aurangzeb's reign, Sialkot became known as a great centre of Islamic thought and scholarship,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lGYOAQAAMAAJ&q=sialkot+aurangzeb|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Education: A-K|last1=Rajput|first1=J. S.|last2=(India)|first2=National Council of Educational Research and Training|date=2004|publisher=NCERT|isbn=9788174503039}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cmDVAAAAMAAJ&q=sialkot+greece|title=The Pakistan Review|date=1968|publisher=Ferozsons Limited}}</ref> and attracted scholars because of the widespread availability of paper in the city.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AK42AAAAIAAJ&q=sialkot+paper|title=Education and learning under the great Mughals, 1526–1707 A.D.|last=Sahay|first=Binode Kumar|date=1968|publisher=New Literature Pub. Co.}}</ref>