Editing Solar still (section)

==Applications==

=== Remote sites ===
Solar stills are used in cases where rain, piped, or well water is impractical, such as in remote homes or during power outages.<ref name=":2" /> In subtropical [[hurricane]] target areas that can lose power for days, solar distillation can provide an alternative source of clean water.

Solar-powered desalination systems can be installed in remote locations where there is little or no infrastructure or energy grid. Solar is still affordable, eco-friendly, and considered an effective method amongst other conventional distillation techniques. Solar still is very effective, especially for supplying fresh water for islanders. This makes them ideal for use in rural areas or developing countries where access to clean water is limited.
<ref>Özcan, Y., & Deniz, E. (2023). Solar thermal waste heat energy recovery in solar distillation systems by using thermoelectric generators. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 40, 101362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2023.101362</ref>
<ref>Mohaisen, H. S., Esfahani, J. A., & Ayani, M. B. (2021). Improvement in the performance and cost of passive solar stills using a finned-wall/built-in condenser: An experimental study. Renewable Energy, 168, 170-180.</ref>

=== Survival ===
Solar stills have been used by ocean-stranded pilots and included in life raft emergency kits.<ref name=":0" />

Using a condensation trap to [[distillation|distill]] urine will remove the urea and salt, recycling the body's water.<ref>{{cite book |last=Grantham|first=Donald F.|date=March 2, 2001|title=A Source of Wilderness Novice Survival Skills|publisher=Xlbris Corp|page=119|isbn=0738836826}}</ref>

=== Wastewater treatment ===
Solar stills have also been used for the [[Wastewater treatment|treatment of municipal wastewater]],<ref>R. Zarasvand Asadi, F. Suja, M.H. Ruslan, N.A. Jalil
The application of a solar still in domestic and industrial wastewater treatment. (2013)
Sol. Energy, 93, pp. 63-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2013.03.024</ref> the dewatering of sewage sludge <ref>D.A. Haralambopoulos, G. Biskos, C. Halvadakis, T.D. Lekkas (2022) Dewatering of wastewater sludge through a solar still. Renew. Energy, 26, pp. 247-256, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-1481(01)00114-8as</ref> as well as for olive mill wastewater management.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Mastoras|first1=Petros|last2=Vakalis|first2=Stergios|last3=Fountoulakis|first3=Michail S.|last4=Gatidou|first4=Georgia|last5=Katsianou|first5=Panagiota|last6=Koulis|first6=Georgios|last7=Thomaidis|first7=Nikolaos S.|last8=Haralambopoulos|first8=Dias|last9=Stasinakis|first9=Athanasios S.|date=2022-09-10|title=Evaluation of the performance of a pilot-scale solar still for olive mill wastewater treatment|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652622022934|journal=Journal of Cleaner Production|language=en|volume=365|pages=132695|doi=10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132695|bibcode=2022JCPro.36532695M |s2cid=249722738 |issn=0959-6526|url-access=subscription}}</ref>