Editing Space Shuttle Endeavour (section)

=== California Science Center ===
[[File:Space Shuttle Endeavor at the California Science Center.jpg|thumb|''Endeavour'' in the temporary Samuel Oschin Pavilion (February 2023)]]On October 30, 2012, the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'' was opened to the public.<ref name="casc" /> The shuttle was on display inside the temporary [[Samuel Oschin]] Pavilion,<ref name=":0" /> where guests offered to not only walk around Endeavour, but also under it, as the vehicle was displayed in the horizontal atop four friction-pendulum [[Seismic base isolation|seismic isolators]] to protect it from earthquakes.<ref name="casc" /> The shuttle remained inside the temporary pavilion until December 31, 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pearlman |first=Robert Z. |date=December 31, 2023 |title=End of year, end of exhibit: Space shuttle Endeavour goes off view for a few years |url=https://www.space.com/space-shuttle-endeavour-exhibit-closing-california-science-center |access-date=January 1, 2024 |website=Space.com |language=en}}</ref> A companion exhibit inside the Science Center features images and artifacts that related the Space Shuttle program to [[California]], where the orbiters were originally constructed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome to the California Science Center |url=http://www.californiasciencecenter.org |publisher=California Science Center}}</ref>

After its decommissioning, ''Endeavour''{{'}}s [[Canadarm]] (formally the 'Shuttle Remote Manipulator System') was removed in order to be sent to the Canadian Space Agency's [[John H. Chapman Space Centre]] in [[Longueuil]], [[Quebec]], a suburb of Montreal, where it was to be placed on display.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=The Canadarm Is Returning Home |date=July 16, 2012 |publisher=Canadian Space Agency |location=Montreal |url=http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/media/advisories/2012/0716.asp |access-date=October 19, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326011053/http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/media/advisories/2012/0716.asp |archive-date=March 26, 2014}}</ref> In a Canadian poll on which science or aerospace museum should be selected to display the Canadarm, originally built by [[Spar Aerospace|SPAR Aerospace]], the Canadian Space Agency's headquarters placed third to last with only 35 out of 638 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Canadian Space Agency Requests Proposals To Display Canadarm At St. Hubert Headquarters |url=http://spaceref.ca/missions-and-programs/canadian-space-agency/canadian-space-agency-plans-to-display-canadarm-at-st-hubert-headquarters-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130115145723/http://spaceref.ca/missions-and-programs/canadian-space-agency/canadian-space-agency-plans-to-display-canadarm-at-st-hubert-headquarters-1.html |archive-date=January 15, 2013 |access-date=October 19, 2012 |website=SpaceRefCanada}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=April 12, 2011 |title=Endeavour's Canadarm coming home |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/endeavour-s-canadarm-coming-home-1.1035189 |access-date=October 14, 2012 |work=CBC}}</ref> ''Endeavour''{{'}}s Canadarm has since gone on permanent display at the [[Canada Aviation and Space Museum]] in [[Ottawa]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Johnson |first=Andy |date=May 2, 2013 |title=Unveiling exhibit, Hadfield sends first Canadarm 'last command' from space |url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/sci-tech/unveiling-exhibit-hadfield-sends-first-canadarm-last-command-from-space-1.1263958 |access-date=May 2, 2013 |work=CTV News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Howell |first=Elizabeth |date=May 2, 2013 |title=Space Shuttle's Robotic Arm Goes on Display at Canadian Museum |url=http://www.space.com/20949-space-shuttle-canadarm-museum-exhibit.html |access-date=May 2, 2013 |work=Space.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last= |date=May 2, 2013 |title=Minister Moore Unveils Exhibit for Canada's National Space Icon: the Canadarm |url=http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/media/news_releases/2013/0502.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130506062113/http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/media/news_releases/2013/0502.asp |archive-date=May 6, 2013 |access-date=July 1, 2013 |work=Canadian Space Agency}}</ref> In August 2015, NASA engineers removed a few of the tanks from ''Endeavour'' for reuse as storage containers for potable water on the International Space Station.<ref>{{Cite news |date=August 19, 2015 |title=Tanks from retired shuttle Endeavour will be used for water storage on space station |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/science/news/articles/2015/08/19/tanks-from-retired-shuttle-endeavour-going-to-space-station?int=aa3609 |access-date=November 20, 2022 |publisher=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref>

On May 28, 2015, NASA donated the ET-94 [[Space Shuttle external tank|external tank]], the last mission-ready one in existence as all others were destroyed during launch. On April 12, 2016, the tank was transported by barge from the [[Michoud Assembly Facility]] in [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], across the [[Panama Canal]], and was safely docked in [[Marina del Rey, California|Marina del Rey]] on May 15.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SPACE SHUTTLE EXTERNAL TANK ET-94 – Emmert International |url=https://www.emmertintl.com/space-shuttle-external-tank-et-94/ |access-date=2024-10-09 |website=www.emmertintl.com}}</ref> The tank was delivered to the Science Center on May 21. It was displayed outside the Samuel Oschin Pavilion until 2023.<ref>{{cite news |date=May 28, 2015 |title=NASA gives California Science Center museum last remaining space shuttle fuel tank |url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-space-shuttle-20150528-story.html |access-date=March 6, 2016 |newspaper=LA Times}}</ref><ref name="ET-94toCSS">{{cite web |title=The California Science Center's External Tank |url=http://californiasciencecenter.org/exhibits/air-space/space-shuttle-endeavour/external-tank |access-date=May 29, 2015 |website=California Science Center}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pearlman |first=Robert Z. |date=May 22, 2016 |title=Space Shuttle External Tank Completes Road Trip to CA Science Center |url=https://www.space.com/32949-space-shuttle-external-tank-completes-road-trip-to-ca-science-center.html |access-date=March 31, 2024 |website=Space.com |language=}}</ref>  On March 28, 2017, both [[Northrop Grumman]] and NASA donated a pair of flight-proven [[Solid rocket booster|solid rocket boosters]] for ''Endeavour'' exhibit. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ray |first=Justin |date=March 28, 2017 |title=Twin solid rockets, reused veterans of spaceflight, set for Endeavour display – Spaceflight Now |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2017/03/28/twin-solid-rockets-reused-veterans-of-spaceflight-going-on-display-with-endeavour/#:~:text=March%2028,%202017%20Justin%20Ray,Gene%20Blevins/LA%20Daily%20News |access-date=2024-10-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> The rocket parts were delivered on September 11, 2020, and were temporarily stored in the [[Mojave Air and Space Port]] in [[Mojave Desert|Mojave]], [[California]] until construction began.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shuttle-used rockets roll into California to stand up Endeavour exhibit {{!}} collectSPACE |url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-091120a-endeavour-solid-rocket-boosters-mojave.html |access-date=2024-10-09 |website=collectSPACE.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Evans |first=Ben |date=September 20, 2020 |title=Northrop Grumman Donates Flight-Proven SRBs to Endeavour Exhibit at CSC - AmericaSpace |url=https://www.americaspace.com/2020/09/20/northrop-grumman-donates-flight-proven-srbs-to-endeavour-exhibit-at-csc/ |access-date=April 16, 2024 |website=AmericaSpace |language=en-US}}</ref>

==== Samuel Oschin Air and Space Center ====
[[File:Construction of a viewing gallery around Space Shuttle Endeavour, its external tank, and solid rocket boosters at Samuel Oschin Air and Space Center, Los Angeles, California, US.jpg|thumb|Final preparations for joining ''Endeavour'' to its fuel tank and boosters, January 29, 2024]]
The ''Samuel Oschin Air and Space Center'', a new building that is under construction, will serve as ''Endeavour's'' new permanent home. The Space Shuttle will be in a 20-story-tall display mounted on with the ET-94 tank, and solid rocket boosters. Once finished, it will be the only Space Shuttle mounted vertically in [[Launch pad|launch position]]. 

Originally slated to open in 2015, construction on the new building started on June 1, 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Lin II |first1=Rong-Gong |last2=Campa |first2=Andrew J. |date=June 1, 2022 |title=Space shuttle Endeavour is getting its own grand museum in L.A., displayed in launch position |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2022-06-01/endeavour-space-shuttle-california-science-center-groundbreaking |access-date=June 4, 2022 |work=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Wisdom |first=McKenzie |date=June 9, 2022 |title=Groundbreaking at California Science Center's Samuel Oschin Air and Space Center |url=https://www.mattconstruction.com/blog/non-profit/groundbreaking-at-california-science-centers-samuel-oschin-air-and-space-center/ |access-date=October 11, 2023 |website=MATT Construction |language=en-US}}</ref> Meanwhile, the ET-94 tank underwent some restoration after being used to analyze the foam on its sister tank, ET-93, which was a factor during the [[STS-107]] mission, which resulted in the [[Space Shuttle Columbia disaster|Columbia disaster]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Branson-Potts |first=Hailey |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Last flight-qualified space shuttle fuel tank in existence begins its journey to L.A. |url=https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-0411-space-shuttle-tank-20160411-story.html |access-date=April 20, 2019 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref>

On July 20, 2023, the assembly of the stack began with the aft skirts (bottom segments of the rocket boosters) being precisely positioned on a concrete slab supported by six [[Seismic base isolation|base isolators]] that will protect ''Endeavour'' from earthquakes.<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 20, 2023 |title=California Science Center starts complex process to display Space Shuttle Endeavour vertically |url=https://ktla.com/news/local-news/ap-california-science-center-starts-complex-process-to-display-space-shuttle-endeavour-vertically/ |access-date=July 21, 2023 |work=KTLA |language=en-US |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> The motors for the rocket boosters, which were in storage at the [[Mojave Air and Space Port]],  were installed on October 11, 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=KCAL News |date=2023-10-11 |title=Massive rocket motors arrive at California Science Center - CBS Los Angeles |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/losangeles/news/massive-rocket-motors-arrive-at-california-science-center/ |access-date=2024-10-09 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref> The rocket boosters were fully assembled when the tops were added on December 5, 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Endeavour's Final Move |url=https://californiasciencecenter.org/about-us/samuel-oschin-air-and-space-center/go-for-stack |website=California Science Center}}</ref>  

On January 3, 2024, ''Endeavour'' was protected in a shrink wrap, likely to stay on until construction is complete.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pearlman |first=Robert |date=January 3, 2024 |title=Up next for Endeavour LA exhibit: Tank lift and shuttle shrink wrap |url=https://news.yahoo.com/next-endeavour-la-exhibit-tank-200043669.html |access-date=April 3, 2024 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> The ET-94 tank was then moved into its position in January 16 and was mounted to the rocket boosters.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lin II |first=Rong-Gong |date=January 2, 2024 |title=Space shuttle Endeavour's giant orange external tank begins final journey |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-01-02/space-shuttle-endeavours-giant-orange-external-tank-begins-final-journey |access-date=January 3, 2024 |work=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Campa |first1=Andrew J. |last2=Lin II |first2=Rong-Gong |date=January 12, 2024 |title=Mission accomplished: Space shuttle Endeavour's giant orange fuel tank moved into viewing spot in L.A. |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-01-12/shuttle-endeavours-giant-orange-fuel-tank-lifted-but-winds-delay-final-placement |access-date=January 16, 2024 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> On January 30, the Space Shuttle was then moved into its position, thus completing the stack. Once all components are mounted into place, construction on the building will continue, as a complex [[diagrid]] structure will be built around it. Construction work on the building is scheduled to be completed in mid-2025. It will take several more years to install the artifacts and exhibits inside the building.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-10 |title=The Endeavour space shuttle's new home is inching closer to completion |url=https://laist.com/news/endeavour-space-shuttle-milestone-topping-out |access-date=2024-10-11 |website=LAist |language=en}}</ref> An official grand opening is not yet announced.