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Suret language
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===Phonetics of Iraqi Koine=== Iraqi Koine is a [[Dialect levelling|merged]] dialect which formed in the mid-20th century, being influenced by both Urmian and Hakkari dialects. *Iraqi Koine, like the majority of the Suret dialects, realises {{IPA|/w/}} as {{IPAblink|w}} instead of {{IPAblink|ʋ}}. *Iraqi Koine generally realises the [[interdental fricative]]s {{IPAslink|θ}}, {{IPAslink|ð}} in words like ''ma'''ṯ'''a'' ("village") and ''rqa'''ḏ'''a'' ("dancing") as [[alveolar stop]]s {{IPAblink|t}}, {{IPAblink|d}} respectively. *Dorsal fricatives /{{IPA link|x}} {{IPA link|ɣ}}/ are heard as uvular as [{{IPA link|χ}} {{IPA link|ʁ}}]. *Predominantly, {{IPA|/q/}} in words like '''''q'''alama'' ("pen") does not merge with {{IPA|/k/}}. *The diphthong {{IPA|/aw/}} in words like ''t'''aw'''ra'' ("bull"), as heard in most of [[Hakkari (historical region)|Hakkari]] dialects, are realised as {{IPAblink|o}}: ''t'''o'''ra''.<ref>[[Yona Sabar|Sabar, Yona]] (2003). "Aramaic, once a great language, now on the verge of extinction," in When Languages Collide: Perspectives on Language Conflict, Language Competition, and Language Coexistence, Joseph, DeStefano, Jacobs, Lehiste, eds. The Ohio State University Press.</ref> *The {{IPA|[ʊj]}} diphthong in ''z'''uy'''ze'' ("money") is retained as {{IPAblink|u}}: ''z'''u'''ze''.<ref name="The British Survey 1968, page 3"/> *Depending on the speaker, the [[velar stop]]s {{IPA|/k/}} and {{IPA|/ɡ/}} may be affricated as {{IPA|[t͡ʃ]}} and {{IPA|[d͡ʒ]}} respectively. *The {{IPA|[t͡ʃ]}} in some present progressive verbs like '''''č'''i'axla'' ("[she] eats") is retained as {{IPAblink|k}}: '''''k'''i'axla''.
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