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Thrust reversal
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==Related accidents and incidents== In-flight deployment of reverse thrust has directly contributed to the crashes of several transport-type aircraft: * On 4 July 1966 an Air New Zealand Douglas DC-8-52 with the registration [[1966_Air_New_Zealand_DC-8_crash|ZK-NZB]] crashed on takeoff on a routine training flight from Auckland International Airport due to reverse thrust applied during a simulated failure of the no. 4 engine on takeoff. The crash killed 2 of the 5 crew on board. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19660704-0 | title=ASN Aircraft accident Douglas DC-8-52 ZK-NZB Auckland International Airport (AKL) | access-date=2022-07-15 | archive-date=2022-07-10 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710004626/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19660704-0 | url-status=live }}</ref> * On 11 February 1978, [[Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314]], a [[Boeing 737-200]], crashed while executing a rejected landing at [[Cranbrook Airport]]. The left thrust reverser had not properly stowed; it deployed during the climbout, causing the aircraft to roll to the left and strike the ground. Out of 44 passengers and 5 crew members, only 6 passengers and a flight attendant survived. *On 9 February 1982, [[Japan Airlines Flight 350]] crashed {{convert|1000|ft|m|-2}} short of the runway at [[Haneda Airport|Tokyo Haneda Airport]] following the intentional deployment of reverse thrust on two of the [[Douglas DC-8]]'s four engines by the mentally unstable captain, resulting in 24 passenger deaths.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=02091982®=JA8061&airline=Japan+Air+Lines|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502052155/http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=02091982®=JA8061&airline=Japan+Air+Lines|archive-date=2 May 2008|title=Accident Database: Accident Synopsis 02091982<!-- Bot generated title -->|website=airdisaster.com|url-status=usurped|access-date=3 April 2018}}</ref><ref>Stokes, Henry Scott. "[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9803E2DF1F38F937A25751C0A964948260 Cockpit Fight Reported on Jet That Crashed in Tokyo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502142505/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9803E2DF1F38F937A25751C0A964948260 |date=2008-05-02 }}," ''[[The New York Times]]''. 14 February 1982. Retrieved on 10 November 2011.</ref><ref>{{cite magazine | title = Troubled Pilot | magazine = [[Time (magazine)|Time]] | url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,922801,00.html?iid=chix-sphere | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080502171229/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,922801,00.html?iid=chix-sphere | url-status = dead | archive-date = May 2, 2008 | access-date = 10 November 2011 | date=1 March 1982}}</ref> *On 29 August 1990, a United States Air Force [[Lockheed C-5 Galaxy]] crashed shortly after take-off from [[Ramstein Air Base]] in [[Germany]]. As the aircraft started to climb off the runway, one of the thrust reversers suddenly deployed. This resulted in loss of control of the aircraft and the subsequent crash. Of the 17 people on board, 4 survived the crash. *On 26 May 1991, [[Lauda Air Flight 004]], a [[Boeing 767|Boeing 767-300ER]], had an uncommanded deployment of the left engine's thrust reverser, which caused the airliner to go into a rapid dive and break up in mid-air.<ref name="Tailstrike">{{cite web | title = 26 May 1991 – Lauda 004 | publisher = Tailstrike.com: [[Cockpit Voice Recorder]] Database | url = http://www.tailstrike.com/260591.htm | date = 2004-09-23 | access-date = 2006-12-14 | archive-date = 2019-07-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190729201314/http://www.tailstrike.com/260591.htm | url-status = live }}</ref> All 213 passengers and 10 crew were killed. *On 31 October 1996, [[TAM Linhas Aéreas Flight 402]], a [[Fokker 100]], crashed shortly after take-off from [[Congonhas-São Paulo International Airport]], [[São Paulo]], [[Brazil]], striking two apartment buildings and several houses. All 90 passengers and 6 crew members as well as 3 people on the ground died in the crash. The crash was attributed to the un-commanded deployment of a faulty thrust reverser on the right engine shortly after take-off. * On 10 February 2004, [[Kish Air Flight 7170]], a [[Fokker 50]], crashed while on approach to [[Sharjah International Airport]]. A total of 43 out of the 46 passengers and crew on board were killed. Investigators determined that the pilots had prematurely set the propellers to reverse thrust mode, causing them to lose control of the aircraft.
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