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Two by Twos
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=== Church name === [[File:Alberta1995incorpapp02.jpg|thumb|alt=Scan of the application for incorporation in the Province of Alberta signed by overseer Willis Propp and senior workers Jim Knipe and Dennis Einboden|Application for incorporation in the Province of Alberta under the name "Alberta Society of Christian Assemblies"]] The church represents itself as nondenominational and without a name.{{sfn|Kalas|30 January 2010}} Those outside the church often use descriptive terms such as "Two by Twos" (from their method of sending out ministers in pairs),{{sfn|Enroth|1992|p=133}}{{sfn|Walker|2007|p=118}} "No-name Church", "[[Cooneyites]]", "Workers and Friends", "disciples of Jesus", "Friends", "Go-preachers", and "Tramp Preachers," among other titles.<ref>See: * {{harvnb|Chryssides|2001b|p=330}}; * {{harvnb|Hill|2004|p=402}}; * {{harvnb|Holland|2014|p=103}}; * {{harvnb|Lewis|1998|p=494}}; * {{harvnb|Robinson|2009}}; * {{harvnb|Stutzman|14 July 1991|p=2}}.</ref> The new movement was initially called "Tramp Preachers" or "Tramp Pilgrims" by observers.{{sfn|Impartial Reporter|15 January 1903|p=8}}{{sfn|Gründler|1961|p=411}} During the early years, they called themselves by the name "Go-Preachers".{{sfn|Impartial Reporter|19 July 1917|p=6}}{{sfn|Gründler|1961|p=411}} By 1904, the terms "Cooneyism" and "Cooneyite" had been coined in those areas in which Edward Cooney established churches and where he was a vocal promoter.<ref>See: * {{harvnb|Impartial Reporter|2 June 1904|p=8}}; * {{harvnb|Anglo-Celt|8 October 1904|p=5}}; * {{harvnb|Daily Mail|29 March 1905|p=3}}.</ref> The term "Two by Twos" was in use in Canada by the early 1920s{{sfn|Hasell|1925|p=244}} and in the United States by the 1930s.{{sfn|Concordia Theological Monthly|1938|p=863}}{{sfn|Gründler|1961|p=411}} In Germany, bynames for the church have included "Die Namenlosen" (the Nameless), "Wahre Christen" (True Christians), "Jünger Jesu" (Disciples of Jesus), and "Freunde" (Friends).{{sfn|Gründler|1961|p=411}}{{sfn|Müller|1990}} In France, they have been known as "Les Anonymes" (the Anonymous, or No-names).{{sfn|Mayer|2000|p=141}} Though overseers and head workers use registered names when necessary to conduct official business, most members do not associate a formal name with the church.{{sfn|Nervig|1941|p=132}} Instead, they refer to the church as "The Truth," "The Way," "The Jesus Way," or "The Lowly Way."<ref>See: "The Meetings" or "The Fellowship". * {{harvnb|Dair Rioga Local History Group|2005|p=327}}; * {{harvnb|Hill|2004|p=402}}; * {{harvnb|BBC|2024a}} * {{harvnb|Kalas|30 January 2010}}.</ref> Few members are aware that the church has taken official names{{sfn|Wilkens|2007|p=132}} used for church business,{{sfn|Parker|Parker|1982|p=86}} including seeking military exemptions.<ref>See: * {{harvnb|Advertiser|10 February 1943|p=6}}; * {{harvnb|Barrier Miner|24 November 1916|p=4}}; * {{harvnb|Parker|Parker|1982|pp=117–119}}; * {{harvnb|Kropp-Ehrig|2022|pp=358}}.</ref> Registered names vary from nation to nation. In the United States, the name used is "Christian Conventions",{{sfn|Wilkens|2007|p=132}}{{sfn|Walker|2007|p=117}} but in Canada, "Assemblies of Christians" is used.{{sfn|Parker|Parker|1982|p=107}} In Britain, it is "the Testimony of Jesus",{{sfn|Robinson|2009}}{{sfn|Parker|Parker|1982|p=73}} and in Sweden the registered name is "Kristna I Sverige".{{sfn|AnotherStep}} "United Christian Conventions" has been used in Australia and other nations{{sfn|Parker|Parker|1982|pp=107, 124}} (Australian members previously adopted the name "Testimony of Jesus" during World War I, and registered as "Christian Assemblies" during World War II).<ref>See: * {{harvnb|Advertiser|10 February 1943|p=6}}; * {{harvnb|Argus|9 November 1916|p=4}}; * {{harvnb|Barrier Miner|24 November 1916|p=4}}; * {{harvnb|Camperdown Chronicle|30 April 1940|p=5}}; * {{harvnb|Kropp-Ehrig|2022|p=415}}.</ref> The church was also incorporated in [[Victoria (state)|Victoria]], Australia, as a charity from 1929 until 2019 and held property in trust.{{sfn|Kropp-Ehrig|2022|p=415–416}} In 1995, controversy arose in [[Alberta]], Canada, when part of the church incorporated as the "Alberta Society of Christian Assemblies". That entity was dissolved in 1996 after its existence became generally known.{{sfn|R.I.S.|2009b}}
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