Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
Verb
(section)
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
=== Valency marking === Verbs are often flexible with regard to valency. In non-valency marking languages such as English, a transitive verb can often drop its object and become intransitive; or an intransitive verb can take an object and become transitive. For example, in English the verb ''move'' has no grammatical object in ''he moves'' (though in this case, the subject itself may be an implied object, also expressible explicitly as in ''he moves himself''); but in ''he moves the car'', the subject and object are distinct and the verb has a different valency. Some verbs in English have historically derived forms that show change of valency in some causative verbs, such as ''fall-fell-fallen'':''fell-felled-felled''; ''rise-rose-risen'':''raise-raised-raised''; ''cost-cost-cost'':''cost-costed-costed''. In valency marking languages, valency change is shown by inflecting the verb in order to change the valency. In [[Kalaw Lagaw Ya]] of Australia, for example, verbs distinguish valency by argument agreement suffixes and TAM endings: * '''Nui mangema''' "He arrived earlier today" ('''mangema''' today past singular subject active intransitive perfective) * '''Palai mangemanu''' "They [dual] arrived earlier today" * '''Thana mangemainu''' "They [plural] arrived earlier today" ''Verb structure:'' '''manga-i-[number]-TAM''' "arrive+active+singular/dual/plural+TAM" * '''Nuidh wapi manganu''' "He took the fish [to that place] earlier today" ('''manganu''' today past singular object attainative transitive perfective) * '''Nuidh wapi mangamanu''' "He took the two fish [to that place] earlier today" * '''Nuidh wapi mangamainu''' "He took the [three or more] fish [to that place] earlier today" ''Verb structure:'' '''manga-Γ-[number]-TAM''' "arrive+attainative+singular/dual/plural+TAM" The verb stem '''manga-''' 'to take/come/arrive' at the destination takes the active suffix '''-i''' (> '''mangai-''') in the intransitive form, and as a transitive verb the stem is not suffixed. The TAM ending '''-nu''' is the general today past attainative perfective, found with all numbers in the perfective except the singular active, where '''-ma''' is found.
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)