Editing Aircraft flight control system (section)

==Research==
Several technology research and development efforts exist to integrate the functions of flight control systems such as [[aileron]]s, [[elevator (aircraft)|elevators]], [[elevon]]s, [[flap (aircraft)|flap]]s, and [[flaperon]]s into wings to perform the aerodynamic purpose with the advantages of less: mass, cost, drag, [[inertia]] (for faster, stronger control response), complexity (mechanically simpler, fewer moving parts or surfaces, less maintenance), and [[radar cross section]] for [[stealth technology|stealth]]. These may be used in many [[unmanned aerial vehicle]]s (UAVs) and 6th generation [[fighter aircraft]]. Two promising approaches are flexible wings, and fluidics.

===Flexible wings===
{{Main article|Flexible wing}}

In flexible wings, also known as "morphing aerofoils", much or all of a wing surface can change shape in flight to deflect air flow much like an [[ornithopter]]. [[Adaptive compliant wing]]s are a military and commercial effort.<ref>{{citation |last=Scott |first=William B. |title=Morphing Wings |newspaper=Aviation Week & Space Technology |date=27 November 2006 |url=http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/ |access-date=2011-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110426122028/http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/ |archive-date=2011-04-26 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flxsys.com/aerospace.shtml |title=FlexSys Inc.: Aerospace |access-date=26 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616074103/http://www.flxsys.com/aerospace.shtml |archive-date=16 June 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flxsys.com/pdf/NATO_Conf_Paper-KOTA.pdf |title=Mission Adaptive Compliant Wing – Design, Fabrication and Flight Test |first1=Sridhar |last1=Kota |first2=Russell |last2=Osborn |first3=Gregory |last3=Ervin |first4=Dragan |last4=Maric |first5=Peter |last5=Flick |first6=Donald |last6=Paul |publisher=FlexSys Inc., Air Force Research Laboratory |location=Ann Arbor, MI; Dayton, OH, U.S.A. |access-date=26 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322211547/http://www.flxsys.com/pdf/NATO_Conf_Paper-KOTA.pdf |archive-date=22 March 2012 }}</ref> The [[X-53 Active Aeroelastic Wing]] was a US Air Force, [[NASA]], and [[Boeing]] effort. Notable efforts have also been made by FlexSys, who have conducted flight tests using flexible aerofoils retrofitted to a Gulf stream III aircraft.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FlexFoil|url=https://www.flxsys.com/flexfoil|access-date=2022-01-22|website=FlexSys|language=en-US}}</ref>

===Active Flow Control===
In [[active flow control]] systems, forces in vehicles occur via circulation control, in which larger and more complex mechanical parts are replaced by smaller, simpler fluidic systems (slots which emit air flows) where larger forces in fluids are diverted by smaller jets or flows of fluid intermittently, to change the direction of vehicles.<ref>{{cite journal
 |author=P John 
 |title=The flapless air vehicle integrated industrial research (FLAVIIR) programme in aeronautical engineering 
 |journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 
 |volume=224 
 |issue=4 
 |pages=355–363 
 |publisher=London: Mechanical Engineering Publications 
 |year=2010 
 |url=http://journals.pepublishing.com/content/m9r3684g2874w026/
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517223645/http://journals.pepublishing.com/content/m9r3684g2874w026
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-date=2018-05-17
 |issn=0954-4100 
 |doi=10.1243/09544100JAERO580 
|hdl=1826/5579 
 |s2cid=56205932 
 |hdl-access=free 
 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web
 |title        = Showcase UAV Demonstrates Flapless Flight
 |publisher    = BAE Systems
 |year         = 2010
 |url          = http://www.baesystems.com/AboutUs/ShowcaseUAVDemonstratesFlaplessFlight/
 |access-date   = 2010-12-22
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20110707205548/http://www.baesystems.com/AboutUs/ShowcaseUAVDemonstratesFlaplessFlight/
 |archive-date = 2011-07-07
 |url-status     = dead
}}</ref> In this use, active flow control promises simplicity and lower mass, costs (up to half less), and [[inertia]] and response times. This was demonstrated in the [[BAE Systems Demon|Demon UAV]], which flew for the first time in the UK in September 2010.<ref>{{cite news |title=Demon UAV jets into history by flying without flaps |newspaper=Metro.co.uk |publisher=Associated Newspapers Limited |location=London |date=28 September 2010 |url=http://www.metro.co.uk/news/842292-plane-jets-into-history-by-flying-without-flaps |access-date=29 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823110258/http://www.metro.co.uk/news/842292-plane-jets-into-history-by-flying-without-flaps |archive-date=2011-08-23 |url-status=live }}</ref>