Editing Blue cod (section)

== Diet and foraging ==
Many fish species are [[generalist and specialist species|generalists]]; thus, they are not limited by the [[Lotka–Volterra equations|predator-prey cycle]].<ref name="Murdoch">{{cite journal| last1=Murdoch| first1=P.J.| last2=Oaten| first2=A.| year=1975| title=Predation and population stability.| journal=Advances in Ecological Research| volume=9| pages=[https://archive.org/details/advancesinecolog0000unse/page/1 1–131]| doi=10.1016/S0065-2504(08)60288-3| bibcode=1975AdER....9....1M| isbn=9780120139095| url-access=registration| url=https://archive.org/details/advancesinecolog0000unse/page/1}}</ref>  ''P. colias'' is one of them.<ref name="JiangCarbine" /><ref name="Paulin1998" /><ref name="Paul.b" />  They have been recorded to have 52 [[taxa]] in their diet,<ref name="JiangCarbine" /> where adults are found to be more selective than juveniles.<ref name="Jones">{{cite journal | last1=Jones| first1=G.P. | year=1988| title=Ecology of rocky reef fish of north-eastern New Zealand: a review. | journal=New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=445–642 |doi=10.1080/00288330.1988.9516315| doi-access=free | hdl=2292/4942 | hdl-access=free }}</ref>  It makes sense that when ''P. colias'' grows bigger, the variety of species in their diet also increases, this includes [[polychaetes]], [[crustaceans]], [[molluscs]],<ref name="AylingCox" /><ref name="Graham" /><ref name="JiangCarbine" /><ref name="Jones" /><ref name="Stroud" /> [[Fish#Taxonomy|Pisces]],<ref name="Graham" /><ref name="Young">{{cite journal | last1=Young| first1=M.W. | year=1929| title=Marine fauna of the Chatham Islands. | journal=Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute |volume=60 |pages=136–166}}</ref> [[algae]] and even its own spawn!<ref name="Young" />  This means that ''P. colias'' are [[omnivores]] which "feeds on more one [[trophic level]]".<ref name="PimmLawton">{{cite journal | last1=Pimm| first1=S.L. | last2=Lawton| first2=J.H. | year=1978| title=On feeding on more than one trophic level. | journal=Nature |volume=275 |issue=5680 |pages=542| doi=10.1038/275542a0| bibcode=1978Natur.275..542P | s2cid=4161183 }}</ref><ref name="Stroud" />  In short, you can say that they consume anything that is abundant and available locally.<ref name="Paul.b" /><ref name="Paul1993"/> Other than the development of the fish itself, what they consume differs from region to region<ref name="JiangCarbine" /><ref name="Sylvester">{{cite book | last1=Sylvester | first1=T. | year=1986| title=Food limitation: a preliminary study on two groups of benthic feeding carnivorous fish in a temperate reef system.|pages=87}}</ref> and whether the area is fished or not plays an important role as well.<ref name="PimmLawton" /><ref name="JiangCarbine" /> One study<ref name="JiangCarbine" /> showed that oyster dredged habitat can reduce their prey diversity and have a negative effect on fish size. They usually stalk, seize and swallow their prey.<ref name="Paul.b" /> After being caught, they tend to regurgitate the stomach contents.<ref name="Graham" />

"Our Big Blue Backyard" is a documentary of [[New Zealand]] marine and shoreline species.<ref name="NHNZ">{{cite web |url=https://www.tvnz.co.nz/shows/our-big-blue-backyard/episodes/s2-e3 |title=Our Big Blue Backyard – Season 2, Episode 3 |author=Natural History New Zealand |date=2016 |publisher=Natural History New Zealand, Ltd |access-date=2018-04-15}}</ref>  In the [[Chatham Islands]] episode, blue cod (''P. colias'') waits to feed on [[pāua]], an [[Endemism|endemic]] [[Sea snail|sea-snail]] that attaches itself on hard surfaces such as rocks, at its most vulnerable phases – when they move or are grasped up by a [[starfish]] using hundreds of [[tube feet]].<ref name="NHNZ" />  They are also said to be voracious.<ref name="NHNZ" /><ref name="Stroud" />