Editing Card counting (section)

== Legal status ==
Card counting is not illegal under British law, nor is it under federal, state, or local laws in the United States provided that no external card counting device or person assists the player in counting cards. Still, casinos object to the practice, and try to prevent it,<ref name="bjlaw">{{cite book |last1=Rose1=I. Nelson |last2=Loeb |first2=Robert A. |title=Blackjack and the law |date=1998 |publisher=RGE Pub. |location=Oakland, CA |isbn=978-0910575089 |edition=1st}}</ref><ref name="chencourt">{{cite web |title=Chen v. STATE, GAMING CONTROL BOARD, 994 P. 2d 1151 - Nev: Supreme Court 2000 |url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=13019089328489346495 |website=Google Scholar |access-date=27 October 2019 |quote=On the other hand, neither card counting nor ... is illegal under Nevada law. |archive-date=29 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629182053/https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=13019089328489346495 |url-status=live }}</ref> banning players believed to be counters. In their pursuit to identify card counters, casinos sometimes misidentify and ban players suspected of counting cards even if they do not.<ref>Zender (2006)</ref>

[[Atlantic City, New Jersey|Atlantic City]] casinos in the US state of [[New Jersey]] are forbidden from banning card counters as a result of a [[New Jersey Supreme Court]] decision. In 1979, [[Ken Uston]], a [[Blackjack Hall of Fame]] inductee, filed a lawsuit against an Atlantic City casino, claiming that casinos did not have the right to ban skilled players. The [[New Jersey Supreme Court]] agreed,<ref>See summary brief of [https://www.casebriefs.com/blog/law/property/property-law-keyed-to-singer/trespass-and-public-rights-of-access-to-property/uston-v-resorts-international-hotel-inc/ ''Uston v. Resorts International Hotel, Inc.; 445 A.2d 370 N.J. 1982''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826230341/https://www.casebriefs.com/blog/law/property/property-law-keyed-to-singer/trespass-and-public-rights-of-access-to-property/uston-v-resorts-international-hotel-inc/ |date=2021-08-26 }}</ref> ruling that "the state's control of Atlantic City's casinos is so complete that only the New Jersey Casino Control Commission has the power to make rules to exclude skillful players." The commission has made no regulation on card counting, so Atlantic City casinos are not allowed to ban card counters. As they are unable to ban counters even when identified, Atlantic City casinos have increased the use of [[#Countermeasures|countermeasures]].<ref name=bigplayer>Olsen (1981)</ref>

[[Macau]], the only legal gambling location in China,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sheng |first1=Mingjie |last2=Gu |first2=Chaolin |date=2018 |title=Economic growth and development in Macau (1999–2016): The role of the booming gaming industry |journal=Cities |volume=75 |pages=72–80|doi=10.1016/j.cities.2018.01.003|doi-access=free}}</ref> does not technically prohibit card counting but casinos reserve the right to expel or ban any customers, as is the case in the US and Britain.<ref>{{cite news |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/03/magazine/how-advantage-players-game-the-casinos.html |first=Michael |last=Kaplan |date=29 July 2016 |title=How Advantage Players Game the Casinos |access-date=20 May 2020 |archive-date=13 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513095406/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/03/magazine/how-advantage-players-game-the-casinos.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The use of electronic devices to aid such strategies, however, is strictly prohibited and can lead to arrest.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20120816-travelwise-casino-design-and-why-the-house-always-wins |work=[[BBC]] |access-date=20 May 2020 |date=17 August 2012 |first=Suemedha |last=Sood |title=Casino design and why the house always wins |archive-date=26 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826231841/https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20120816-travelwise-casino-design-and-why-the-house-always-wins |url-status=live }}</ref>