Editing Cascadia subduction zone (section)

=== Earthquake timing ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" align="right" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Great earthquakes
! colspan="2" | estimated year !! interval
|-
! 2005 source<ref name="Atwater-et-al-2005">
{{cite book | author=Brian F Atwater | author2=Musumi-Rokkaku Satoko | author3=Satake Kenji | author4=Tsuji Yoshinobu | author5=Ueda Kazue | author6=David K Yamaguchi | year=2005 | title=The Orphan Tsunami of 1700 – Japanese Clues to a Parent Earthquake in North America | edition=U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1707 | publisher=University of Washington Press | location=Seattle and London | isbn=978-0-295-98535-0 | url=https://archive.org/details/orphantsunamiof100atwa/page/100 | page=[https://archive.org/details/orphantsunamiof100atwa/page/100 100 (timeline diagram)] | url-access=registration }}
</ref> !! 2003 source<ref name="Atwater-et-al-2003">
{{citation
 |author=Brian F Atwater
 |author2=Martitia P Tuttle
 |author3=Eugene S Schweig
 |author4=Charles M Rubin
 |author5=David K Yamaguchi
 |author6=Eileen Hemphill-Haley
 |title=Earthquake Recurrence Inferred from Paleoseismology
 |journal=Developments in Quaternary Science
 |publisher=Elsevier BV
 |issn=1571-0866
 |year=2003
 |volume=1
 |doi=10.1016/S1571-0866(03)01015-7
 |url=http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~simons/TectonicObservatory/AtwaterQuantSciece1.pdf
 |access-date=2011-03-15
 |at=Figures 10 and 11 (pp 341, 342); article pp 331–350
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319210743/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~simons/TectonicObservatory/AtwaterQuantSciece1.pdf
 |archive-date=2012-03-19
|series=Developments in Quaternary Sciences
 |isbn=9780444514707
 }}
</ref> !! (years)
<!-- See this article's talk page for more about this table. -->
|-
| colspan="2" | <span style="display:none">Y</span> About 9 p.m., January 26, 1700 ([[Old Style and New Style dates|NS]]) || 780
|-
| <span style="display:none">W</span> 780–1190 [[Common Era|CE]] || 880–960 CE || 210
|-
| <span style="display:none">U</span> 690–730 CE || 550–750 CE || 330
|-
| <span style="display:none">S</span> 350–420 CE || 250–320 CE || 910
|-
| <span style="display:none">N</span> 660-440 [[Common Era|BCE]] || 610–450 BCE || 400
|-
| <span style="display:none">L</span> 980–890 BCE || 910–780 BCE || 250
|-
| <span style="display:none">J</span> 1440–1340 BCE || 1150–1220 BCE || unknown
|}

The last known great earthquake in the northwest was the [[1700 Cascadia earthquake]], {{age in years|26 JAN 1700}} years ago. [[Geology|Geological]] evidence indicates that great earthquakes (> magnitude 8.0) may have occurred sporadically at least seven times in the last 3,500 years, suggesting a return time of about 500 years.<ref name=Discover/><ref name = NatGeo/><ref name = AMNH/> Seafloor core evidence indicates that there have been forty-one subduction zone earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone in the past 10,000 years, suggesting a general average earthquake recurrence interval of only 243 years.<ref name="Schulz2015" /> Of these 41, nineteen have produced a "full margin rupture", wherein the entire fault opens up.<ref name="Discover"/> By comparison, similar [[subduction]] zones in the world usually have such earthquakes every 100 to 200 years; the longer interval here may indicate unusually large stress buildup and subsequent unusually large earthquake slip.<ref name=PNSN>{{cite web|url=http://pnsn.org/outreach/earthquakesources/csz|title=Cascadia Subduction Zone|publisher=Pacific Northwest Seismic Network}}</ref>

There is also evidence of accompanying [[tsunami]]s with every earthquake. One strong line of evidence for these earthquakes is convergent timings for fossil damage from tsunamis in the [[Pacific Northwest]] and historical Japanese records of tsunamis.<ref name=japan>{{cite web|url=http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1707/pp1707.pdf|title=The Orphan Tsunami of 1700—Japanese Clues to a Parent Earthquake in North America|access-date=2008-05-06}} USGS Professional Paper 1707</ref>

The next rupture of the Cascadia subduction zone is anticipated to be capable of causing widespread destruction throughout the [[Pacific Northwest]].<ref name=CREW>{{cite web|url=http://www.crew.org/sites/default/files/CREWCascadiaFinal.pdf|title=Cascade Range Earthquake Workgroup – Magnitude 9 scenario|access-date=2012-03-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024010654/http://crew.org/sites/default/files/CREWCascadiaFinal.pdf|archive-date=2012-10-24|url-status=dead}}</ref>