Editing Charm quark (section)

== References ==
=== Notes ===
{{notelist|30em}}

=== Citations ===
{{reflist|30em|}}

=== Bibliography ===
==== News articles ====
{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
* {{cite news
 |url = https://cerncourier.com/a/higgs-boson-charm-coupling-weaker-than-bottom/
 |title = Higgs-boson charm coupling weaker than bottom
 |date = 2 May 2022
 |access-date = 2023-06-03
 |publisher = CERN Courier
 |author = ATLAS experiment
}}
* {{cite news
 |first = Sheldon L. |last = Glashow
 |work = [[The New York Times]]
 |date = July 18, 1976
 |language = en
 |title = The hunting of the quark
 |url = https://www.nytimes.com/1976/07/18/archives/the-hunting-of-the-atoms-and-their-nuclei-protons-and-neutrons.html
}}
* {{cite magazine
 |last= Levine| first= Alaina G.
 |date=November 2017
 |title= This Month in Physics History
 |url=https://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/201711/history.cfm
 |magazine= APS News
 |location=
 |publisher=[[American Physical Society]]
 |access-date=2023-06-01
 |volume = 26
 |number = 10
}}
* {{cite news
 |author = LHCb experiment
 |title = LHCb digs deeper in CP-violating charm decays
 |url = https://cerncourier.com/a/lhcb-digs-deeper-in-cp-violating-charm-decays/
 |date = 7 July 2022
 |access-date = 2023-07-27
 |publisher = CERN Courier
}}
* {{cite magazine
 |magazine = CERN Courier
 |volume = 16
 |issue = 11
 |date = November 1976
 |title = 1976 Nobel Prize for Physics
 |editor-last = Southworth
 |editor-first = Brian
 |publisher = CERN
 |location = Geneva, Switzerland
 |url = https://cds.cern.ch/record/1729999/files/vol16-issue11-p383-e.pdf
 |pages = 383–88
}}
* {{cite magazine
 |title = Hunting the Doubly Charmed Baryon
 |magazine = [[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]
 |last = Yap |first = Diana Michele
 |date = 2002-06-10
 |url = https://www.wired.com/2002/06/hunting-the-doubly-charmed-baryon/
 |access-date = 2023-06-06
}}
{{refend}}

==== Journal articles ====
{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1 = Aad |first1 = G.
 |display-authors = etal
 |collaboration = ATLAS Collaboration
 |title = Direct constraint on the Higgs–charm coupling from a search for Higgs boson decays into charm quarks with the ATLAS detector.
 |journal =  The European Physical Journal C
 |volume = 82
 |number = 717
 |year = 2022
 |page = 717
 |doi = 10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10588-3
 |arxiv = 2201.11428
 |bibcode = 2022EPJC...82..717A
 |s2cid = 251688816
 |url = https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10588-3
 |ref = {{harvid|Aad et al.|2022}}
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1=Amati |first1=D.
 |last2=Bacry |first2=H.
 |last3=Nuyts |first3=J.
 |last4=Prentki |first4=J.
 |title=SU 4 and strong interactions
 |journal=Il Nuovo Cimento
 |date=December 1964
 |volume=34 |issue=6 |pages=1732–1750
 |doi=10.1007/BF02750568 |bibcode=1964NCim...34.1732A
 |s2cid=118803104
 |url=http://cds.cern.ch/record/344451
}}
* {{cite journal
 |title = Charm and Beyond
 |first1 = Thomas |last1 = Appelquist
 |first2 = R. Michael |last2 = Barnett
 |first3 = Kenneth |last3 = Lane
 |doi = 10.1146/annurev.ns.28.120178.002131
 |journal = Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science
 |volume = 28
 |pages = 387–499
 |date = December 1978
 |bibcode = 1978ARNPS..28..387A |osti = 1446842 |url = https://www.slac.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/getdoc/slac-pub-2100.pdf
}}
* {{cite journal
 |first = B. |last = Aubert
 |display-authors = etal
 |collaboration = BaBar Collaboration
 |title = Observation of a Narrow Meson State Decaying to <math>D_s^+ \pi^0</math> at a Mass of 2.32&nbsp; GeV/''c''<sup>2</sup>
 |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.242001
 |journal =  Physical Review Letters
 |volume = 90
 |id = 242001
 |year = 2003
 |issue = 24
 |page = 242001
 |pmid = 12857188
 |arxiv = hep-ex/0304021
 |s2cid = 248411543
 |ref = {{harvid|Aubert et al.|2003}}
}}
* {{cite journal
 |first = B. |last = Aubert
 |display-authors = etal
 |collaboration = BaBar Collaboration
 |title = Evidence for <math>D^o-\bar{D}^0</math> Mixing
 |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.211802
 |journal =  Physical Review Letters
 |volume = 98
 |id = 211802
 |year = 2007
 |issue = 21
 |page = 211802
 |pmid = 17677764
 |hdl = 2445/140150
 |ref = {{harvid|Aubert et al.|2007}}
 |hdl-access = free
}}
* {{cite journal
 |first = J. J. |last=Aubert
 |display-authors=etal
 |year=1974
 |title=Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle ''J''
 |journal=[[Physical Review Letters]]
 |volume=33 |issue=23 |page=1404
 |bibcode=1974PhRvL..33.1404A
 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1404
 |doi-access=free
 |ref = {{harvid|Aubert et al.|1974}}
}}
* {{cite journal
 |first = J.-E. |last=Augustin
 |display-authors=etal
 |year=1974
 |title=Discovery of a Narrow Resonance in e<sup>+</sup>e<sup>−</sup> Annihilation
 |journal=[[Physical Review Letters]]
 |volume=33 |issue=23 |page=1406
 |bibcode=1974PhRvL..33.1406A
 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1406
 |doi-access=free
 |ref = {{harvid|Augustin et al.|1974}}
}}
* {{cite journal
 |first1 = D. |last1 = Besson
 |display-authors = etal
 |collaboration = CLEO Collaboration
 |ref = {{harvid|Besson et al.|2003}}
 |journal =  Physical Review D
 |volume =  68
 |page =  032002 
 |year =  2003
 |arxiv = hep-ex/0305100
 |title = Observation of a narrow resonance of mass 2.46&nbsp;GeV/''c''<sup>2</sup>, decaying to <math>D_{(s)}^{*+} \pi^0</math> and confirmation of the <math>D_{sJ}^{*}</math> (2317) state|issue = 3
 |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.032002
}} {{Erratum|bibcode=2007PhRvD..75k9908B|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.75.119908|checked=yes}}
* {{cite journal
 |first1=B. J. |last1=Bjorken
 |first2=S. L. |last2=Glashow
 |year=1964
 |title=Elementary particles and SU(4)
 |journal=[[Physics Letters]]
 |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=255–257
 |doi=10.1016/0031-9163(64)90433-0
 |bibcode = 1964PhL....11..255B
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1 = Braaten |first1 = Eric
 |last2 = Cheung |first2 = Kingman
 |last3 = Yuan |first3 = Tzu Chiang
 |journal = [[Physical Review D]]
 |title = Z<sup>0</sup> decay into charmonium via charm quark fragmentation
 |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevD.48.4230
 |url = https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.48.4230
 |date = 1993
 |volume = 48
 |issue = 9
 |pages = 4230–4235
 |pmid = 10016703
 |arxiv = hep-ph/9302307
 |bibcode = 1993PhRvD..48.4230B
 |s2cid = 14348242
}}
* {{cite journal
 |title = On the origin of inclusive electron events in e<sup>+</sup>e<sup>−</sup> annihilation between 3.6 and 5.2&nbsp;GeV
 |doi = 10.1016/0370-2693(77)90360-4
 |url = https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693%2877%2990360-4
 |first1 = R. |last1 = Brandelik
 |display-authors = etal
 |collaboration = DASP Collaboration
 |journal = Physics Letters B
 |volume = 70
 |issue = 1
 |year = 1977
 |pages = 125–31
 |bibcode = 1977PhLB...70..125B
 |ref = {{harvid|Brandelik et al.|1977}}
 |url-access = subscription
}}
* {{cite journal
 |title = Evidence for Δ''S'' = −Δ''Q'' Currents or Charmed-Baryon Production by Neutrinos
 |first1 = E. G. |last1 = Cazzoli
 |display-authors = etal
 |url = https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.34.1125
 |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.34.1125
 |language = en
 |journal = Physical Review Letters
 |volume = 34
 |pages = 1125–28
 |year = 1975
 |issue = 17
 |ref = {{harvid|Cazzoli et al.|1975}}
 |url-access = subscription
 }}
* {{cite journal
 |first1=F. E. |last1=Close
 |year=1976
 |title=Iliopoulos wins his bet
 |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]
 |volume=262 |issue= 5569|pages=537–38
 |doi=10.1038/262537a0
 |bibcode = 1976Natur.262..537C
 |s2cid=8569677
 |url = https://www.nature.com/articles/262537a0.pdf
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1=Gaillard |first1=M.K. |authorlink1=Mary K. Gaillard
 |last2=Lee |first2=B.W. |authorlink2=Benjamin W. Lee
 |date=1974
 |title=Rare decay modes of the <math>K</math> mesons in gauge theories
 |url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.10.897
 |journal=Phys. Rev. D
 |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=897–916
 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.10.897 |pmid= |arxiv= |bibcode=1974PhRvD..10..897G |s2cid=
 |access-date=
 |url-access=subscription
}}
* {{cite journal
 |title = Brief Review of Charm Physics
 |last = Gersabeck |first = Marco
 |journal = Modern Physics Letters A
 |volume = 27
 |year = 2012
 |issue = 26 |doi = 10.1142/S0217732312300261 |id = 1230026
 |arxiv = 1207.2195
 |bibcode = 2012MPLA...2730026G |s2cid = 119284941
}}
* {{cite journal
 |first1=S. L. |last1=Glashow
 |first2=J. |last2=Iliopoulos
 |first3=L. |last3=Maiani
 |year=1970
 |title=Weak Interactions with Lepton–Hadron Symmetry
 |journal=[[Physical Review D]]
 |volume=2 |issue=7 |pages=1285–1292
 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.2.1285
 |bibcode = 1970PhRvD...2.1285G
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1 = Goldhaber |first1 = G.
 |display-authors = etal
 |title = Observation in e<sup>+</sup>e<sup>−</sup> Annihilation of a Narrow State at 1865 MeV/''c''<sup>2</sup> Decaying to Kπ and Kπππ
 |url = https://journals.aps.org/prl/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.37.255
 |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.37.255
 |year = 1976
 |journal = Physical Review Letters
 |volume = 37
 |issue = 5
 |pages = 255–59
 |bibcode = 1976PhRvL..37..255G
 |ref = {{harvid|Goldhaber et al.|1976}}
 |url-access = subscription
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1 = Han |first1 = Tao
 |last2 = Leibovich |first2 = Adam K.
 |last3 = Ma |first3 = Yang
 |last4 = Tan |first4 = Xiao-Ze
 |display-authors = 1
 |doi = 10.1007/JHEP08(2022)073
 |title = Higgs boson decay to charmonia via c-quark fragmentation
 |date = August 2022
 |journal = [[Journal of High Energy Physics]]
 |number = 73
 |volume = 2022
 |page = 73
 |arxiv = 2202.08273
 |url = https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP08(2022)073
 |bibcode = 2022JHEP...08..073H
 |s2cid = 246904813
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1=Hara |first1=Yasuo
 |title=Unitary Triplets and the Eightfold Way
 |journal=Physical Review
 |date=11 May 1964
 |volume=134 |issue=3B |pages=B701–B704
 |doi=10.1103/PhysRev.134.B701
 |bibcode=1964PhRv..134..701H
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1 = Liu |first1 = Z.
 |display-authors = etal
 |collaboration = Belle Collaboration
 |journal = Physical Review Letters
 |volume = 110
 |id = 252002
 |url = https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.252002
 |arxiv = 1304.0121
 |date = 2013
 |ref = {{harvid|Liu et al.|2013}}
 |title = Study of {{math|e{{sup|+}}e{{sup|−}} → π{{sup|+}}π{{sup|−}}J/ψ}} and Observation of a Charged Charmoniumlike State at Belle
 |issue = 25
 |page = 252002
 |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.252002
 |pmid = 23829730
 |s2cid = 28918792
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1=Maki |first1=Z.
 |last2=Ohnuki |first2=Y.
 |title=Quartet Scheme for Elementary Particles
 |journal=Progress of Theoretical Physics
 |date=1 July 1964
 |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=144–158
 |doi=10.1143/PTP.32.144 |doi-access=free
 |bibcode=1964PThPh..32..144M
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1 = Mattson |first1 = M.
 |display-authors = etal
 |collaboration = SELEX Collaboration
 |journal =  Physical Review Letters
 |volume = 89
 |number = 11
 |date = September 2002
 |title = First Observation of the Doubly Charmed Baryon Ξ<sup>+</sup><sub>cc</sub>
 |page = 112001
 |url = https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.112001
 |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.112001
 |pmid = 12225136
 |arxiv = hep-ex/0208014
 |bibcode = 2002PhRvL..89k2001M
 |hdl = 11449/66973
 |s2cid = 16737596
 |ref = {{harvid|Mattson et al.|2002}}
}}
* {{cite journal
 |author = The NNPDF Collaboration
 |doi = 10.1038/s41586-022-04998-2
 |title = Evidence for intrinsic charm quarks in the proton
 |date = 2022
 |journal = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]]
 |volume = 608
 |issue = 7923
 |pages = 483–487
 |pmid = 35978125
 |pmc = 9385499
 |arxiv = 2208.08372
 |bibcode = 2022Natur.608..483N
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1 = Peruzzi |first1 = I.
 |display-authors = etal
 |title = Observation of a Narrow Charged State at 1876&nbsp;MeV/''c''<sup>2</sup> Decaying to an Exotic Combination of Kππ
 |url = https://journals.aps.org/prl/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.37.569
 |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.37.569
 |year = 1976
 |journal = Physical Review Letters
 |volume = 37
 |issue = 10
 |pages = 569–71
 |bibcode = 1976PhRvL..37..569P
 |ref = {{harvid|Peruzzi et al.|1976}}
 |url-access = subscription
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last = Riordan |first = Michael
 |title = The Discovery of Quarks
 |journal = [[Science (journal)|Science]]| volume = 256| number = 5061
 |year = 1992 | pages = 1287–93
 |doi = 10.1126/science.256.5061.1287
 |jstor = 2877300
 |pmid = 17736758
 |bibcode = 1992Sci...256.1287R
 |s2cid = 34363851
 |url =  http://www.jstor.org/stable/2877300
 |access-date = 2023-06-01
 |url-access = subscription
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1 = Starič |first1 = M.
 |display-authors = etal
 |collaboration=Belle Collaboration
 |title = Evidence for <math>D^o-\bar{D}^0</math> Mixing
 |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.211803
 |journal =  Physical Review Letters
 |volume = 98
 |id = 211803
 |year = 2007
 |issue = 21
 |page = 211803
 |pmid = 17677765
 |s2cid = 30918611
 |ref = {{harvid|Starič et al.|2007}}
}}
* {{cite journal
 |url = https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-02237-2
 |title = Do protons have intrinsic charm? New evidence suggests yes
 |journal = Nature
 |last1= Thompson |first1 = Benjamin
 |last2 = Howe |first2 = Nick Petrić
 |date = 2022-08-17
 |doi=10.1038/d41586-022-02237-2 |pmid=35978168 |s2cid=251645562
 |access-date = 2022-06-03
 |url-access = subscription
}}
* {{cite journal
 |title = The discovery of the J particle: A personal recollection
 |last = Ting |first = Samuel C. C.
 |journal = Reviews of Modern Physics
 |volume = 49
 |number = 2
 |date = April 1977
 |url = http://cds.cern.ch/record/977942/files/RevModPhys.49.235.pdf
 |doi = 10.1103/RevModPhys.49.235
 |pages = 235–49
 |bibcode = 1977RvMP...49..235T
}}
* {{cite journal
 |last1 =Workman |first1 = R. L. 
 |display-authors = etal
 |collaboration=[[Particle Data Group]]
 |title = Review of Particle Physics
 |journal =  Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics
 |year = 2022
 |id = 083C01
 |volume = 2022
 |issue=8
 |url = https://academic.oup.com/ptep/article/2022/8/083C01/6651666
 |doi = 10.1093/ptep/ptac097
 |ref = {{harvid|Workman et al.|2022}}
 |doi-access = free
 |hdl = 20.500.11850/571164
 |hdl-access = free
}}
{{refend}}

==== Conferences ====
{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
* {{cite conference
 |last = Harari |first = Haim |author-link=Haim Harari
 |title = Three Generations of Quarks and Leptons
 |id = SLAC-PUB-1974
 |url = http://slac.stanford.edu/cgi-wrap/getdoc/slac-pub-1974.pdf
 |conference = V International Conference on Experimental Meson Spectroscopy
 |location = Boston, Mass.
 |date = April 29–30, 1977
}}
* {{cite conference
 |last = Iliopoulos
 |first = J.
 |institution = Ecole Normale Superieure
 |title = Progress in Gauge Theories
 |conference = XVII International Conference on High Energy Physics
 |location = London
 |date = July 1–10, 1974
 |id = PTENS-74-4
 |volume = III
 |pages = 89–116
 |url = https://inspirehep.net/literature/3000
}}
* {{cite conference
 |title = Introduction to Charm Physics
 |last = Gersabeck |first = Marco
 |conference = Flavorful Ways to New Physics
 |location = Freudenstadt - Lauterbad, Germany
 |date = 28–31 October 2014
 |arxiv = 1503.00032
 |url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273067737
}}
* {{cite conference
 |last= Rosner |first = Jonathan L.
 |year = 1998
 |title= The Arrival of Charm|url= https://pubs.aip.org/aip/acp/article/459/1/9/629777/The-arrival-of-charm
 |conference = Heavy Quarks at Fixed Targets
 |journal = AIP Conference Proceedings
 |volume= 459 |issue = 1
 |pages= 9–27
 |doi = 10.1063/1.57782
 |publication-date = 1999
 |access-date= 2023-06-02
 |quote=
 |arxiv= hep-ph/9811359
}}
{{refend}}

==== Books ====
{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
* {{cite book
 |first=David |last=Griffiths |author-link=David J. Griffiths
 |title=Introduction to Elementary Particles
 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]]
 |year=2008
 |isbn=978-3-527-40601-2
}}
* {{cite book
 |first=Michael|last=Riordan |author-link=Michael Riordan (physicist)
 |title=The Hunting of the Quark: A True Story of Modern Physics
 |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]]
 |year=1987
 |isbn=978-0-671-50466-3
 |url=https://archive.org/details/huntingofquarktr00mich/
}}
* {{cite book
 |first = Mark |last = Thomson |author-link=Mark Thomson (physicist)
 |title = Modern Particle Physics
 |isbn = 978-1-107-03426-6
 |publisher = Cambridge University Press
 |year = 2013
}}
{{refend}}