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Chavacano
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===Caviteño/Ternateño{{anchor|Caviteño}}=== The [[Merdicas]] (also spelled Mardicas or Mardikas) were [[Catholic]] natives of the islands of [[Ternate]] and [[Tidore]] of the [[Moluccas]] in the vicinity of [[New Guinea]], converted during the [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] occupation of the islands by [[Jesuit]] missionaries. The islands were later captured by the [[Spanish Empire|Spanish]] who vied for their control with the [[Dutch Empire|Dutch]]. In 1663, the Spanish garrison in Ternate was forced to pull out to defend [[Manila]] against an impending invasion by [[Koxinga]], the new ruler of [[Kingdom of Tungning]] in [[Geography of Taiwan|Formosa]] ([[Taiwan]]) (sacrificing the Moluccas to the Dutch in doing so). A number of Merdicas volunteered to help, eventually being resettled in a sandbar near the mouth of the [[Maragondon]] river (known as the ''Barra de Maragondon'') and [[Tanza]], [[Cavite]], Manila.<ref name="lipski">{{cite book|author=John. M. Lipski, with P. Mühlhaüsler and F. Duthin|editor =Stephen Adolphe Wurm & Peter Mühlhäusler|title =Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas: Texts, Volume 2|chapter =Spanish in the Pacific|publisher =Walter de Gruyter|year =1996|page=276|isbn =9783110134179|chapter-url =https://johnlipski.github.io/pacific.pdf}}</ref> The invasion did not occur as Koxinga fell ill and died. The Merdicas' community eventually integrated into the local population. Today, the location of the community is called [[Ternate, Cavite|Ternate]] after the island of Ternate in the Moluccas, and the descendants of the Merdicas continue to use their Spanish creole (with Portuguese influence), which has come to be known as Caviteño or Ternateño Chavacano.<ref name="lipski"/>
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