Editing Common chiffchaff (section)

==Predators and threats==
As with most small birds, mortality in the first year of life is high, but adults aged three to four years are regularly recorded, and the record is more than seven years. Eggs, chicks and fledglings of this ground-nesting species are taken by [[stoat]]s, [[weasel]]s and crows such as the [[European magpie]], and the adults are hunted by [[bird of prey|birds of prey]], particularly the [[Accipitridae|sparrowhawk]]. Small birds are also at the mercy of the weather, particularly when migrating, but also on the breeding and wintering grounds.{{sfn|Clement|1995|pp=120–121}}

The common chiffchaff is occasionally a host of [[brood parasite|brood parasitic]] [[cuckoo]]s, including the [[common cuckoo|common]] and [[Horsfield's cuckoo]]s,<ref name= Johnsgard >{{cite book | last = Johnsgard| first = Paul A. |author-link=Paul Johnsgard |title = The Avian Brood Parasites: Deception at the Nest | year = 1997 | publisher = Oxford University Press | isbn = 978-0-19-511042-5 |page =196}}</ref> but it recognises and rejects [[mimicry|non-mimetic]] eggs and is therefore only rarely successfully brood-parasitised.<ref name= Moksne>{{cite journal|last= Moksnes |first= Arne |author2=Roskaft, Eivin |date=January–March 1992|title= Responses of some rare cuckoo hosts to mimetic model cuckoo eggs and to foreign conspecific eggs |journal= Ornis Scandinavica |volume= 23|issue= 1|pages= 17–23| doi=10.2307/3676422|jstor= 3676422}}</ref> Like other passerine birds, the common chiffchaff can also acquire intestinal [[nematode]] parasites and external ticks.<ref name = Cork>{{cite web|title= Cork, Susan C, Grant Report - SEPG 1695  |work= The prevalence of nematode parasites in transcontinental songbirds|url= http://www.britishecologicalsociety.org/articles/grants/reports/1695/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071121050746/http://www.britishecologicalsociety.org/articles/grants/reports/1695/|archive-date= 2007-11-21|publisher= British Ecological Society |access-date=2007-12-28}}</ref><ref name= Jaenson >{{cite journal|last= Jaenson|author2=Jensen, Jens-Kjeld |date=May 2007 |title=  Records of ticks (Acari, Ixodidae) from the Faroe Islands |url = http://www.entomologi.no/journals/nje/2007-1/abs/NJE-54-jaenson.pdf |journal= Norwegian Journal of Entomology|volume= 54|pages=11–15|first= Thomas G.T.}}</ref>

The main effect of humans on this species is indirect, through woodland clearance which affects the habitat, predation by cats, and collisions with windows, buildings and cars. Only the first of these has the potential to seriously affect populations, but given the huge geographical spread of ''P. c. abietinus'' and ''P. c. tristis'', and woodland conservation policies in the range of ''P. c. collybita'', the chiffchaff's future seems assured.{{sfn|Clement|1995|p=121}}