Editing Consent decree (section)

====Actions under Title VII of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964====

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination by employers on the basis of race, sex, color, religion, or national origin.<ref>{{UnitedStatesCode|42|2000e-2}}</ref> Most often, the remedies to workplace discrimination carried out under this Act take place in the form of consent decrees, where employers may have to provide monetary awards or introduce policies and programs that eliminate and prevent future discrimination.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.eeoc.gov/employees/remedies.cfm |title=Remedies for Employment Discrimination |publisher=U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Ending Sex and Race Discrimination in the Workplace: Legal Interventions That Push the Envelope |last1=Hegewisch |first1=Ariane |last2=Deitch |first2=Cynthia H. |last3=Murphy |first3=Evelyn F. |publisher=Institute for Women's Policy Research |date=2011 |isbn=978-1-933161-06-8 }}</ref> These may include decrees that require the creation of new recruitment and hiring procedures to gain a more diverse pool of job applicants,<ref>{{cite court |litigants=Bockman, et al. and EEOC v. Lucky Stores, Inc. |court=United States District Court for the Eastern District of California |reporter=F.R.D. |vol=108 |pinpoint=11 |date=1986 |url= https://ecommons.cornell.edu/handle/1813/79884c}}</ref><ref>{{cite court |litigants=EEOC v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. |court=United States District Court for the District of Arizona |reporter=F. Supp. 2d |vol=147 |pinpoint=980 |url= https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp2/147/980/2408986/}}</ref> upgrading job and promotion assignment systems,<ref>{{cite court |litigants=Abdallah v. Coca-Cola Co. |court=United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia |reporter=F. Supp. 2d |vol=133 |pinpoint=1364 |date=2001 |url= https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp2/133/1364/2292835/}}</ref><ref>{{cite court |litigants=Dorman v. Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc. |court=M.D. Fla. |reporter=So. 2d. |pinpoint=50–56 |date=2000 |url= https://ecommons.cornell.edu/handle/1813/79931}}</ref> or offering training programs focusing on discrimination and diversity.<ref>{{cite court |litigants=Kosen, et al. v. American Express Financial Advisors, Inc. et al. |court=United States District Court for the District of Columbia |pinpoint=p. 21 |url= https://ecommons.cornell.edu/handle/1813/80002}}</ref><ref>''Butler v. Home Depot'', Case Number: C 95-2182 SI; C 94-4335 SI, pp. 33–36</ref> Under the [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]], the [[Equal Employment Opportunity Commission]] (EEOC) was created to be a major advocate and enforcer of the previously mentioned Title VII remedies.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.eeoc.gov/eeoc/history/35th/thelaw/ |title= The Law |publisher= U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission |access-date= February 12, 2018 |archive-date= May 15, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170515003647/https://www.eeoc.gov/eeoc/history/35th/thelaw/ |url-status= dead }}</ref> In a landmark decision in 1973, the EEOC, [[United States Department of Labor|Department of Labor]] and [[AT&T]] compromised on a consent decree that phased out discrimination within recruiting, hiring and employment methods in regard to minorities and women.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.eeoc.gov/eeoc/history/35th/milestones/1973.html |title= Milestones |publisher= U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission |access-date= February 12, 2018 |archive-date= July 8, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170708170213/https://www.eeoc.gov/eeoc/history/35th/milestones/1973.html |url-status= dead }}</ref> This established a precedent for other large, private U.S. companies to avoid litigation and government oversight by creating decrees in cooperation with Title VII.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Green |first=Venus |date=26 April 2012 |title=Flawed Remedies: EEOC, AT&T, and Sears Outcomes Reconsidered |journal=Black Women, Gender & Families |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=43 |issn=1944-6462 |doi=10.5406/blacwomegendfami.6.1.0043 |s2cid=144511760 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Williams |first=Benton |date=October 2008 |title=AT&T and the Private-sector Origins of Private-sector Affirmative Action |journal=Journal of Policy History |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=542–568 |doi=10.1353/jph.0.0027 |s2cid=154842854 |issn=1528-4190 }}</ref>