Editing Dutch-language literature (section)

===Second World War and Occupation (1940–1945)===
{{see also|History of the Netherlands (1939–1945)|History of Belgium#World War II|l1=History of Belgium (1939-1945)}}

The [[Second World War]] marked an abrupt change in the Dutch literary landscape. Casualties of the start of the German occupation included Du Perron (heart attack), Ter Braak (suicide) and Marsman (drowned while trying to escape to the [[United Kingdom]]); many other writers were forced into hiding or rounded up in [[Nazi concentration camp]]s, such as Vestdijk. Many writers ceased publishing as a consequence of refusing to join the German-installed Kultuurkamer (Chamber of Culture), which intended to regulate cultural life in the Netherlands. Jewish-born writer [[Josef Cohen]] escaped prosecution by converting to [[Christianity]]; aspiring writer [[Anne Frank]] (whose [[The Diary of a Young Girl|diary]] was published posthumously) died in a German [[concentration camp]], as did [[crime fiction]] writer, [[journalist]] and [[poet]] [[Jan Campert]], who was arrested for aiding Jews and died in 1943 in [[Neuengamme concentration camp|Neuengamme]]. His poem ''De achttien dooden'' ("The eighteen dead"), written from the point of view of a captured [[Dutch Resistance|resistance member]] awaiting his execution, has become the most famous example of war-related Dutch literature.