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Elections in Hungary
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== Historical composition of the National Assembly since 1990 == {| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="border:solid #000000 1px;font-size:95%;" |- | colspan="2" | {| width="100%" style="font-size:90%;" | width="70" | |{{legend|{{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}|[[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Dialogue for Hungary}}|[[Dialogue for Hungary|Párbeszéd]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Democratic Coalition (Hungary)}}|[[Democratic Coalition (Hungary)|DK]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Together 2014}}|[[Together 2014|Együtt]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Politics Can Be Different}}|[[Politics Can Be Different|LMP]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Hungarian Liberal Party}}|[[Hungarian Liberal Party|MLP]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Alliance of Free Democrats}}|[[Alliance of Free Democrats|SZDSZ]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Momentum Movement}}|[[Momentum Movement|Momentum]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Fidesz}}|[[Fidesz]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}|[[Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)|KDNP]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Hungarian Democratic Forum}}|[[Hungarian Democratic Forum|MDF]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party}}|[[Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party|FKGP]]}} |{{legend|#DAA520|[[Hungarian Justice and Life Party|MIÉP]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Jobbik}}|[[Jobbik]]}} |{{legend|{{party color|Our Homeland Movement}}|[[Our Homeland Movement|MH]]}} |{{legend|#0047AB|[[National Self-Government of Germans in Hungary|Germans]]}} |{{legend|#FFCA99|Others}} |{{legend|#808080|Independent}} |} |- | width="70" | [[Hungarian parliamentary election, 1990|1990]]–1994{{efn|Between 1990 and 2014 the number of seats were 386.}} | {| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;" | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; width: 8.55%"| 33 | style="background-color: {{party color|Alliance of Free Democrats}}; width: 24.10%"| 94 | style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}; width: 5.44%"| 21 | style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}; width: 5.44%"| 21 | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Democratic Forum}}; width: 42.49%"|164 | style="background-color: {{party color|Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party}};width: 11.40%"| 44 | style="background-color: #FFCA99; width: 0.26%"| 3 | style="background-color: #808080; width: 2.33%"| 6 |} |- | [[Hungarian parliamentary election, 1994|1994]]–1998 | {| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;" | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; width: 54.14%"|209 | style="background-color: {{party color|Alliance of Free Democrats}}; width: 17.88%"| 70 | style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}; width: 5.18%"| 20 | style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}; width: 5.70%"| 22 | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Democratic Forum}}; width: 9.84%"| 38 | style="background-color: {{party color|Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party}};width: 6.74%"| 26 | style="background-color: #FFCA99; width: 0.26%"| 1 |} |- | [[Hungarian parliamentary election, 1998|1998]]–2002 | {| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;" | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; width: 34.72%"|134 | style="background-color: {{party color|Alliance of Free Democrats}}; width: 6.22%"| 24 | style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}; width: 38.34%"|148 | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Democratic Forum}}; width: 4.40%"| 17 | style="background-color: {{party color|Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party}};width: 12.44%"| 48 | style="background-color: #DAA520; width: 3.63%"| 14 | style="background-color: #808080; width: 0.26%"| 1 |} |- | [[Hungarian parliamentary election, 2002|2002]]–2006 | {| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;" | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; width: 46.11%"|178 | style="background-color: {{party color|Alliance of Free Democrats}}; width: 5.18%"| 20 | style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}; width: 42.49%"|164 | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Democratic Forum}}; width: 6.22%"| 24 |} |- | [[Hungarian parliamentary election, 2006|2006]]–2010 | {| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;" | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; width: 49.22%"|190 | style="background-color: {{party color|Alliance of Free Democrats}}; width: 5.18%"| 20 | style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}; width: 36.53%"|141 | style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}; width: 5.96%"| 23 | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Democratic Forum}}; width: 2.85%"| 11 | style="background-color: #FFCA99; width: 0.26%"| 1 |} |- | [[Hungarian parliamentary election, 2010|2010]]–2014 | {| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;" | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; width: 15.28%"| 59 | style="background-color: {{party color|Politics Can Be Different}}; width: 4.15%"| 16 | style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}; width: 58.81%"|227 | style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}; width: 9.33%"| 36 | style="background-color: {{party color|Jobbik}}; width: 12.18%"| 47 | style="background-color: #808080; width: 0.26%"| 1 |} |- | [[Hungarian parliamentary election, 2014|2014]]–2018{{efn|Since 2014 the number of seats are 199.}} | {| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;" | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; width: 14.57%"| 29 | style="background-color: {{party color|Dialogue for Hungary}}; width: 0.50%"| 1 | style="background-color: {{party color|Democratic Coalition (Hungary)}}; width: 2.01%"| 4 | style="background-color: {{party color|Together 2014}}; width: 1.51%"| 3 | style="background-color: {{party color|Politics Can Be Different}}; width: 2.51%"| 5 | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Liberal Party}}; width: 0.50%"| 1 | style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}; width: 58.79%"|117 | style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}; width: 8.04%"| 16 | style="background-color: {{party color|Jobbik}}; width: 11.56%"| 23 |} |- | [[Hungarian parliamentary election, 2018|2018]]–2022 | {| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;" | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; width: 7.54%"| 15 | style="background-color: {{party color|Dialogue for Hungary}}; width: 2.51%"| 5 | style="background-color: {{party color|Democratic Coalition (Hungary)}}; width: 4.52%"| 9 | style="background-color: {{party color|Together 2014}}; width: 0.50%"| 1 | style="background-color: {{party color|Politics Can Be Different}}; width: 4.02%"| 8 | style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}; width: 58.79%"|117 | style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}; width: 8.04%"| 16 | style="background-color: {{party color|Jobbik}}; width: 13.07%"| 26 | style="background-color: #0047AB; width: 0.50%"| 1 | style="background-color: #808080; width: 0.26%"| 1 |} |- | [[Hungarian parliamentary election, 2022|2022]]–2026 | {| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;" | style="background-color: {{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; width: 5.03%"| 10 | style="background-color: {{party color|Dialogue for Hungary}}; width: 3.02%"| 6 | style="background-color: {{party color|Democratic Coalition (Hungary)}}; width: 7.54%"| 15 | style="background-color: {{party color|Politics Can Be Different}}; width: 2.51%"| 5 | style="background-color: {{party color|Momentum Movement}}; width: 5.03%"| 10 | style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}; width: 58.79%"|117 | style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}; width: 9.05%"| 18 | style="background-color: {{party color|Jobbik}}; width: 5.03%"| 10 | style="background-color: {{party color|Our Homeland Movement}}; width: 3.02%"| 6 | style="background-color: #0047AB; width: 0.50%"| 1 | style="background-color: #808080; width: 0.26%"| 1 |} |} The numbers come from the legislature's inaugural session. Later changes may occur: * Vacancies from party list MPs do not change the make-up of the Assembly, as they are replaced by another member of the party list. But a vacancy in a district seat triggers a by-election, which, historically, is often won by another party. See [[List of Hungarian by-elections]]. * New factions may appear ** in 1993, the nationalist-radicalist members of [[Hungarian Democratic Forum|MDF]] quit the party and founded the [[Hungarian Justice and Life Party|MIÉP]], which took part in the next three elections. It crossed the threshold only in 1998. ** in 2011, the [[Democratic Coalition (Hungary)|DK]] faction led by former socialist prime minister [[Ferenc Gyurcsány]], split from the [[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]] and became a party of its own. ** in 2013, 8 MPs from [[Politics Can Be Different|LMP]] left the party to set up [[Dialogue for Hungary]] ===Prime ministers and their governments since 1989=== '''Parties''' {{legend2|{{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}|[[Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party|MSZMP]] / [[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|Fidesz}}|[[Fidesz]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|Hungarian Democratic Forum}}|[[Hungarian Democratic Forum|MDF]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|Independent (politician)}}|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="90%" ! width="1%" |# ! width="10%" |Picture ! width="15%" |Name ! width="10%" |From ! width="10%" |Until ! width="15%" |Political Party ! width="10%" |Cabinet ! width="5%" |[[National Assembly of Hungary|Assembly]]<br /><small>(Election)</small> |- ! style="background:{{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; color:white" | — | |[[Miklós Németh]]<br />(''Provisional'') |23 October 1989 |23 May 1990 |[[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]] |[[:hu:Németh-kormány|Németh]]<br /><small>[[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]]</small> | — |- ! style="background:{{party color|Hungarian Democratic Forum}}; color:white" | 1 |[[File:Portrait of József Antall, Jr.tif|80px]] |[[József Antall]] |23 May 1990 |12 December 1993<br />(''died'') |[[Hungarian Democratic Forum|MDF]] |[[:hu:Antall-kormány|Antall]]<br /><small>[[Hungarian Democratic Forum|MDF]]–[[Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party|FKGP]]–[[Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)|KDNP]]</small> | rowspan="3" |[[1990 Hungarian parliamentary election|1 <small>(1990)</small>]] |- ! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Hungarian Democratic Forum}}; color:white" | 2 | rowspan="2" | [[File:Péter Boross 2014.JPG|80px]] | [[Péter Boross]]<br />(''[[Acting (law)|acting]]'') |12 December 1993 |21 December 1993 | rowspan="2" | [[Hungarian Democratic Forum|MDF]] | rowspan="2" | [[:hu:Boross-kormány|Boross]]<br /><small>[[Hungarian Democratic Forum|MDF]]–[[Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party|FKGP]]–[[Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)|KDNP]]</small> |- | [[Péter Boross]] |21 December 1993 |15 July 1994 |- ! style="background:{{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; color:white" | 3 |[[File:Gyula Horn (2007).jpg|80px]] |[[Gyula Horn]] |15 July 1994 |8 July 1998 |[[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]] |[[:hu:Horn-kormány|Horn]]<br /><small>[[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]]–[[Alliance of Free Democrats|SZDSZ]]</small> |[[1994 Hungarian parliamentary election|2 <small>(1994)</small>]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Fidesz}}; color:white" | 4 |[[File:Orban Viktor Portrait 2010.jpg|80px]] |[[Viktor Orbán]] |8 July 1998 |27 May 2002 |[[Fidesz]] |[[:hu:Első Orbán-kormány|Orbán I]]<br /><small>[[Fidesz]]–[[Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party|FKGP]]–[[Hungarian Democratic Forum|MDF]]</small> |[[1998 Hungarian parliamentary election|3 <small>(1998)</small>]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | 5 |[[File:Medgyessy in August 2014 (cropped).JPG|80px]] |[[Péter Medgyessy]] |27 May 2002 |29 September 2004<br />(''resigned'') |''Independent'' |[[:hu:Medgyessy-kormány|Medgyessy]]<br /><small>[[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]]–[[Alliance of Free Democrats|SZDSZ]]</small> | rowspan="2" |[[2002 Hungarian parliamentary election|4 <small>(2002)</small>]] |- ! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Hungarian Socialist Party}}; color:white" | 6 | rowspan="2" |[[File:Gyurcsany Ferenc-mszp-2-croped.jpg|80px]] | rowspan="2" |[[Ferenc Gyurcsány]] |29 September 2004 |9 June 2006 | rowspan="2" |[[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]] |[[:hu:Első Gyurcsány-kormány|Gyurcsány I]]<br /><small>[[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]]–[[Alliance of Free Democrats|SZDSZ]]</small> |- |9 June 2006 |14 April 2009<br />(''resigned'') |[[:hu:Második Gyurcsány-kormány|Gyurcsány II]]<br /><small>[[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]]–[[Alliance of Free Democrats|SZDSZ]]{{ref label|1|1|1}}</small> | rowspan="2" |[[2006 Hungarian parliamentary election|5 <small>(2006)</small>]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | 7 |[[File:Bajnai Jerusalem.jpg|80px]] |[[Gordon Bajnai]] |14 April 2009 |29 May 2010 |''Independent'' |[[Bajnai Government|Bajnai]]<br /><small>[[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]]{{ref label|2|2|2}}</small> |- ! rowspan="4" style="background:{{party color|Fidesz}}; color:white" | (4) | rowspan="4" |[[File:Viktor Orbán 2018.jpg|80px]] | rowspan="4" |[[Viktor Orbán]] |29 May 2010 |6 June 2014 | rowspan="4" |[[Fidesz]] |[[Second Orbán Government|Orbán II]]<br /><small>[[Fidesz]]–[[Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)|KDNP]]</small> |[[2010 Hungarian parliamentary election|6 <small>(2010)</small>]] |- |6 June 2014 |18 May 2018 |[[Third Orbán Government|Orbán III]]<br /><small>[[Fidesz]]–[[Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)|KDNP]]</small> |[[2014 Hungarian parliamentary election|7 <small>(2014)</small>]] |- |18 May 2018 |24 May 2022 |[[Fourth Orbán Government|Orbán IV]]<br /><small>[[Fidesz]]–[[Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)|KDNP]]</small> |[[2018 Hungarian parliamentary election|8 <small>(2018)</small>]] |- |24 May 2022 |Incumbent |[[Fifth Orbán Government|Orbán V]]<br /><small>[[Fidesz]]–[[Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)|KDNP]]</small> |[[2022 Hungarian parliamentary election|9 <small>(2022)</small>]] |} {{note label|1|1|1}} [[Alliance of Free Democrats|SZDSZ]] left the Gyurcsány II Cabinet on 20 April 2008 and kept supporting it externally. {{note label|2|2|2}} The Bajnai Cabinet was supported externally by [[Alliance of Free Democrats|SZDSZ]].
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