Editing Extended producer responsibility (section)

==Examples==

Auto Recycling Nederland (ARN) is a producer responsibility organisation (PRO) that organises vehicle recycling in the [[Netherlands]]. An advanced recycling fee is charged to those who purchase a new vehicle and is used to fund the recycling of it at the end of its useful life. The PRO was set up to satisfy the European Union's [[End of Life Vehicles Directive]].

The Swiss Association for Information, Communication and Organisational Technology (SWICO), an ICT industry organisation, became a PRO to address the problem of [[electronic waste]].

The Canada-Wide Action Plan for Extended Producer Responsibility (CAP-EPR) was adopted in Canada in 2009 under the guidance of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment.<ref name="Canada">{{cite web |url=https://www.ccme.ca/files/current_priorities/waste/pn_1499_epr_cap_e.pdf |title=Canada-Wide Action Plan for Extended Producer Responsibility |date=October 2009 |website=Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment |access-date=2018-02-20 |archive-date=2018-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306083638/https://www.ccme.ca/files/current_priorities/waste/pn_1499_epr_cap_e.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> The CAP-EPR followed years of waste and recycling efforts in Canada that remained largely ineffective as the diversion rates from landfills and incineration persisted. Despite three decades worth of recycling efforts, Canada fell short of many other [[Group of Eight|G8]] and [[OECD]] countries.<ref name="Canada"/> Since the CAP-EPR's 2009 inception, most [[Provinces of Canada|provinces]] have enforced legislation or restrictions on a wider range of products and materials under EPR programs. "Nine out of ten provinces have [since implemented] EPR programs or [put] requirements in place... As a result of these new programs or requirements and expansion of existing ones, almost half of the product categories for Phase 1 are now covered by legislated EPR programs or requirements across Canada."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ccme.ca/files/Resources/waste/extended/CAP-EPR%20Progress%20Report.pdf |title=Progress Report on the Canada-Wide Action Plan for Extender Producer Responsibility |date=2014 |website=Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment |access-date=2018-02-21}}</ref>

In [[Russia]], EPR was launched in 2015 but financing of waste management facilities still largely relies on taxes paid by the Russian population. In 2022, all packaging was supposed to be recycled or else products from companies not respecting the regulation would have been withdrawn from shelves. But the country postponed the reform as several ministers found it unfeasible.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newsendip.com/russia-postpones-packaging-recycling-waste-management-reform/ |title=Russia postpones recycling and waste management reform |date=2021-12-10}}</ref>

In the United Kingdom an extended producer responsibility system is going to be implemented over the coming years. The government has already shared guidance with those most affected. The core issue is with identifying a way to encourage polluters to take on the responsibility rather than pass on the cost to suppliers or end consumers<ref>{{cite web |title=Packaging waste: prepare for extended producer responsibility |url=https://www.gov.uk/guidance/packaging-waste-prepare-for-extended-producer-responsibility |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}</ref>

In India, the E-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011 introduced the concept of EPR for the first time, while the E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2016 set more stringent targets for collection of end-of-life products and simplified the process of applying for EPR authorization. In 2016, government expanded the EPR approach to tackle [[plastic waste]] through the Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016.{{citation needed|date=May 2024}} In the Indian system, the trading mechanism is similar to the carbon trading mechanism, where EPR certificates are generated and traded further between the producers and brand owners.<ref name=":5"/>

In [[Austria]], the polluter-pays principle was introduced on 1 January 2023. Thus, the costs of recycling are paid by the companies that produce it.