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===Development theory=== During the Cold War, the [[modernization theory]] and [[development theory]] developed in Europe as a result of their economic, political, social, and cultural response to the management of former colonial territories.<ref name=weber>{{cite book |title=International Relations Theory: A Critical Introduction |last=Weber |first=Cynthia |year=2005 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-34208-2 |pages=153β154|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4P-RPDXaKzMC&q=international+relations+%22first+world%22+-War&pg=RA1-PA54}}</ref> European scholars and practitioners of international politics hoped to theorize ideas and then create policies based on those ideas that would cause newly independent colonies to change into politically developed sovereign nation-states.<ref name=weber/> However, most of the theorists were from the United States, and they were not interested in Third World countries achieving development by any model.<ref name=weber/> They wanted those countries to develop through liberal processes of politics, economics, and socialization; that is to say, they wanted them to follow the liberal capitalist example of a so-called "First World state".<ref name=weber/> Therefore, the modernization and development tradition consciously originated as a (mostly U.S.) alternative to the Marxist and neo-Marxist strategies promoted by the "[[Second World]] states" like the Soviet Union.<ref name=weber/> It was used to explain how developing Third World states would naturally ''evolve'' into developed First World States, and it was partially grounded in liberal economic theory and a form of Talcott Parsons' sociological theory.<ref name=weber/>
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