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Frequency modulation
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=== Doppler effect=== When an echolocating [[bat]] approaches a target, its outgoing sounds return as echoes, which are Doppler-shifted upward in frequency. In certain species of bats, which produce constant frequency (CF) [[Animal echolocation|echolocation]] calls, the bats compensate for the [[Doppler shift]] by lowering their call frequency as they approach a target. This keeps the returning echo in the same frequency range of the normal echolocation call. This dynamic frequency modulation is called the '''Doppler Shift Compensation''' (DSC), and was discovered by [[Hans Schnitzler]] in 1968.
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