Editing Human security (section)

=== Feminist critiques of human security ===
==== Rape as a weapon of war theory ====
During times of conflict, certain varieties of masculinity come to be celebrated by the State, and these varieties of behaviors can influence how a population's combatants come to behave, or are expected to behave during crises. These behaviors range from acting aggressively and exemplifying hyper-masculine behaviors, to playing upon the rise of "nationalist or ethnic consciousness" to secure "political support for the cause and to undermine "the Other".<ref name="Gender Matters in Global Politics"/> Overtly militaristic societies have utilized rape and other sexually violent acts to further their gains within the context of war, but also by using such practices of violence as rewards to the (often male) combatants. This tactic undermines the enemy's morale, as they are seen as "unable to protect their women".<ref name="Gender Matters in Global Politics"/>

==== The category of human ====
Recent feminist critiques of Human Security often find difficulties with the concept and categorization of "Human". This categorization is made under the influence of certain value systems which are inherently exclusive by their nature. For instance, the liberal definition of "human" is: someone that is independent and capable of making decisions for themselves.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Nussbaum|first1=Martha C.|title=Sex and Social Justice|date=24 August 2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0195112108}}</ref> This definition is problematic because it excludes persons who are not independent, such as persons with disabilities, from human security rights. If Human Security was to be entirely inclusive it would need to challenge the current definition of "human" on which it operates and acknowledge that different abilities also require rights.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Marhia|first1=Natasha|title=Some humans are more Human than Others: Troubling the 'human' in human security from a critical feminist perspective|journal=Security Dialogue|date=February 11, 2013|volume=44|issue=1|pages=19–35|doi=10.1177/0967010612470293|s2cid=145219768}}</ref>

==== Eurocentrism ====
The concept of human security has developed out of the precepts put forth by the United Nations, wherein there has been a critique of Human Security's focus on what is deemed acceptable behaviors.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book|last1=Shepherd|first1=Laura J.|title=Gender Matters in Global Politics|date=2015|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|isbn=978-0-415-71521-8|edition=2nd}}</ref> Human security perspectives view practices such as child marriage and female genital mutilation as a threat to human (more specifically female) security and well-being in the Global North, while it is more common that these events occur predominately in the Global Southern states. Thus it is seen by states with a traditional human security outlook, to see it as their duty to intervene and perpetuate this eurocentric ideal of what human security looks like, and what is best to protect the familiar concept of women.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> This can be seen as an infringement on the traditional practices found within some sovereign states of the Global South, and a threat to ways of life and processes of development.