Editing Humayun (section)

==Restoration of the Mughal Empire==
[[File:Humayun Receives the Head of Qaracha Khan.jpg|thumb|Humayun receiving the head of his opponent, Qaracha Khan.]]
[[File:Humayun sitting.jpg|thumb|An image from an album commissioned by [[Shah Jahan]] shows Humayun sitting beneath a tree in his garden in India.]]

Humayun gathered a vast army and attempted the challenging task of retaking the throne in Delhi. Due to the Safavid role in Humayun's army, the vast majority of the soldiers were of the Shi’a faith. As one Shaikh Ahmad described to Humayun, "My king, I see the whole of your army are [[Rafida|Rafizi]]... Everywhere the names of your soldiers are of this kind. I find they are all Yar Ali or Kashfi Ali or Haider Ali and I have, not found a single man bearing the names of the other [[Companions of the Prophet|Companions]]."<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44141140 |title=LIBERTY AND RESTRAINT—A STUDY OF SHIAISM IN THE MUGIAL NOBILITY |page=276 |first1=Afzal |last1=Husain |first2=Afzal |last2=Husan |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |year=1981 |volume=42 |jstor=44141140}}</ref> Humayun placed the army under the leadership of [[Bayram Khan]], a wise move given Humayun's record of military ineptitude, and it turned out to be prescient as Bayram proved himself a great tactician.

Bayram Khan led the army through the [[Punjab]] virtually unopposed. The only major battle faced by Humayun's armies was against [[Sikandar Shah Suri]] in [[Sirhind]], where Bayram Khan employed a tactic whereby he engaged his enemy in open battle but then retreated quickly in apparent fear. When the enemy followed after them, they were surprised by entrenched defensive positions and were easily annihilated.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sankaran |first=Sahaj |title=22 June, 1555: Humayun Wins the Battle of Sirhind {{!}} Today in Indian History from Honesty Is Best |url=https://honestyisbest.com/today-in-indian-history/2020/Jun/22/mughal-restoration/ |access-date=2023-08-29 |website=honestyisbest.com}}</ref> At the [[Battle of Sirhind (1555)|Battle of Sirhind]] on 22 June 1555, the armies of Sikandar Shah Suri were decisively defeated and the Mughal Empire was reestablished.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-18 |title=Battles for India at Sirhind |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/shooting-straight/battles-for-india-at-sirhind/ |access-date=2022-10-25 |website=Times of India Blog |language=en-US}}</ref>

After Sirhind fell, most towns and villages chose to welcome the invading army as it made its way to the capital Delhi. On 23 July 1555, Humayun once again sat on Babur's throne in Delhi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Toler |first=Pamela D. |date=February 2011 |title=An Untimely Death |url=https://search-ebscohost-com.libezp.lib.lsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mat&AN=57855763&site=eds-live&scope=site. |journal=Calliope |volume=21 |issue=5 |pages=3 |via=EBSCOhost}}</ref>

===Marriage relations with the Khanzadas===
The ''Gazetteer of Ulwur'' states:
{{blockquote|Soon after Babur's death, his successor, Humayun, was in AD 1540 supplanted by the Pathan Sher Shah, who, in AD 1545, was followed by Islam Shah. During the reign of the latter a battle was fought and lost by the Emperor's troops at Firozpur Jhirka, in Mewat, on which, however, Islam Shah did not loose his hold. Adil Shah, the third of the Pathan interlopers, who succeeded in AD 1552, had to contend for the Empire with the returned Humayun.

In these struggles for the restoration of Babar's dynasty Khanzadas apparently do not figure at all. Humayun seems to have conciliated them by marrying the elder daughter of Jamal Khan, nephew of Babar's opponent, Hasan Khan and, by causing his great minister, Bairam Khan, to marry a younger daughter of the same Mewatti.<ref>{{cite book |last=Powlett |first=P. W. |date=1878 |title=Gazetteer of Ulwur |url=https://archive.org/stream/gazetteerofulwur00powliala#page/8/mode/2up/search/bairam |location=London |publisher=Trübner & Co. |pages=7–8}}</ref>}}

===Ruling Kashmir===
[[File:Copper coin of Humayun, 944 A. H., Delhi.JPG|thumb|240px|Copper coin of Humayun]]

With all of Humayun's brothers now dead, there was no fear of another usurping his throne during his military campaigns. He was also now an established leader and could trust his generals. With this new-found strength Humayun embarked on a series of military campaigns aimed at extending his reign over areas in the east and west of the subcontinent. His sojourn in exile seems to have reduced his reliance, and his military leadership came to imitate the more effective methods that he had observed in Persia.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Prasad |first=Ishwari |author-link=Ishwari Prasad |year=1976 |title=The Life and Times of Humayun |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-HxDAAAAYAAJ&q=Humayun |publisher=Central Book Depot}}</ref>