Editing Local area network (section)

=== Further development ===
In the 1980s, several token ring network implementations for LANs were developed.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Early Token Ring Work at MIT |author=J. Noel Chiappa |author-link=Noel Chiappa |journal=[[IEEE Annals of the History of Computing]] |volume=36 |issue=2 |date=April–June 2014 |pages=80–85 |doi=10.1109/MAHC.2014.14|s2cid=30761524 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://historyofcomputercommunications.info/section/14.18/Proteon/ |title=14.18 Proteon in Chapter 14 - Internetworking: Emergence 1985-1988 |work=The History of Computer Communications |first=James |last=Pelkey}}</ref> IBM released its own implementation of token ring in 1985,<ref>{{Cite web|date=1985-10-15|title=IBM Token-Ring Network  |url=https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/announcements/archive/ENUS185-123|access-date=2025-03-26|website=IBM  |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lS8EAAAAMBAJ&dq=October+15+1985+token&pg=PA27 |title=Major Vendors Differ On Network Approach |first=Don |last=Crabb |magazine=[[InfoWorld]] |volume=8 |issue=12 |date=24 March 1986 |page=27}}</ref> It ran at {{val|4|ul=Mbit/s}}.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AToEAAAAMBAJ&dq=ibm+token+ring+speed+4&pg=PA11 | title=InfoWorld | date=21 November 1988 }}</ref> IBM claimed that their token ring systems were superior to Ethernet, especially under load, but these claims were debated;<ref>{{cite book |title=IEEE 802.3 Local Area Network considerations |publisher=[[IBM]] |id=GG22-9422-0}}</ref><ref name="Boggs1988">{{cite journal
 |author1=David R. Boggs |author2=Jeffrey C. Mogul |author3=Christopher A. Kent | year = 1988
 | title = Measured capacity of an Ethernet: myths and reality
 | journal = ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
 | volume = 25
 | issue = 1
 | pages = 123–136
 | doi = 10.1145/205447.205460
 |s2cid=52820607 | url = http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/Compaq-DEC/WRL-88-4.pdf
}}</ref> while the slow but inexpensive AppleTalk was popular for Macs, in 1987 ''[[InfoWorld]]'' said, "No LAN has stood out as the clear leader, even in the IBM world".<ref name="satchell19870817">{{Cite magazine |last=Satchell |first=Stephen |date=1987-08-17 |title=IBM PS/2 Model 25 |department=Short Looks |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2jsEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA44#v=onepage&q&f=true |access-date=2025-05-25 |magazine=InfoWorld |page=44 |volume=9 |issue=33}}</ref> IBM's implementation of token ring was the basis of the IEEE 802.5 standard.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3Dn9KlIVM_EC&dq=ibm+802.5&pg=PA1009 | title=Internetworking Technologies Handbook | year=2004 | publisher=Cisco Press | isbn=978-1-58705-119-7 }}</ref> A 16&nbsp;Mbit/s version of Token Ring was standardized by the 802.5 working group in 1989.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/802.5/1100/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220817022518/https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/802.5/1100/ | url-status=dead | archive-date=August 17, 2022 | title=IEEE Standards Association }}</ref> IBM had market dominance over Token Ring, for example, in 1990, IBM equipment was the most widely used for Token Ring networks.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://hcd.ucdavis.edu/faculty/webpages/kenney/articles_files/Sponsors,%20Communities,%20and%20Standards_%20Ethernet%20vs.%20Token%20Ring%20in%20the%20Local%20Area%20Networking%20Business.pdf |title=Sponsers, [sic] Communities, and Standards: Ethernet vs. Token Ring In The Local Area Networking Business |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219041820/http://hcd.ucdavis.edu/faculty/webpages/kenney/articles_files/Sponsors,%20Communities,%20and%20Standards_%20Ethernet%20vs.%20Token%20Ring%20in%20the%20Local%20Area%20Networking%20Business.pdf |archive-date=2018-02-19 |url-status=dead |author1=Urs Von Burg |author2=Martin Kenny |journal=Industry and Innovation |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=351–375 |date=December 2003 |doi=10.1080/1366271032000163621 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis Ltd]]|s2cid=153804163 }}</ref>

[[Fiber Distributed Data Interface]] (FDDI), a LAN standard, was considered an attractive campus [[backbone network]] technology in the early to mid 1990s since existing Ethernet networks only offered 10&nbsp;Mbit/s data rates and Token Ring networks only offered 4&nbsp;Mbit/s or 16&nbsp;Mbit/s rates. Thus it was a relatively high-speed choice of that era, with speeds such as 100&nbsp;Mbit/s.
By 1994, vendors included [[Cisco Systems]], [[National Semiconductor]], Network Peripherals, SysKonnect (acquired by [[Marvell Technology Group]]), and [[3Com]].<ref>{{Cite news |title= Wading Through Plethora of Options Poses Challenge for Life on the Fast LAN |work= Network World |pages= 41, 44, 46–49 |author= Mark Miller |date= March 21, 1994 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=eA0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA47 |access-date= August 15, 2013 }}</ref> FDDI installations have largely been replaced by Ethernet deployments.<ref>{{Cite book |title= Optical Fiber Communication: Principles and Systems |pages= 241–249 |author=A. Selvarajan |author2=Subrat Kar |author3=T. Srinivas |publisher= Tata McGraw-Hill Education |year=2003 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=uyBSO4hf6DYC&pg=PA241 |isbn= 978-1-259-08220-7 }}</ref>