Editing Locus of control (section)

==Gender-based differences<span class="anchor" id="Lack of sex-based differences in locus of control, with some caveats"></span>==
{{See also|Sex differences in psychology}}
As Schultz and Schultz (2005) point out, significant gender differences in locus of control have not been found for adults in the U.S. population. However, these authors also note that there may be specific sex-based differences for specific categories of items to assess locus of control; for example, they cite evidence that men may have a greater internal locus for questions related to [[academic achievement]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Strickland |first1=Bonnie R. |last2=Haley |first2=William E. |title=Sex differences on the Rotter I–E scale |journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology |date=November 1980 |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=930–939 |doi=10.1037/0022-3514.39.5.930 }}</ref>{{Sfn|Schultz| Schultz| 2005}}

A study made by Takaki and colleagues (2006) focused on the sex or gendered differences with relationship to internal locus of control and self-efficacy in [[hemodialysis]] patients and their compliance.<ref name=pmid16637257>{{cite journal |doi=10.3200/BMED.32.1.5-11 |pmid=16637257 |title=Possible Gender Differences in the Relationships of Self-efficacy and the Internal Locus of Control with Compliance in Hemodialysis Patients |journal=Behavioral Medicine |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=5–11 |year=2006 |last1=Takaki |first1=Jiro |last2=Yano |first2=Eiji |s2cid=22428447 }}</ref> This study showed that women who had high internal locus of control were less compliant in regards to their health and medical advice compared to the men that participated in this study. [[Adherence (medicine)|Compliance]] is known to be the degree in which a person's behavior, in this case the patient, has a relationship with the medical advice. For example, a person that is compliant will correctly follow his/her doctor's advice.