Editing Microcephaly (section)

==History==
People with small heads were displayed as a public spectacle in [[ancient Rome]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Stories|first=Wander|date=4 February 2015|title=Colosseum in Rome: a travel guide and tour as with the best local guide|publisher=WanderStories |url={{GBUrl|XR99BgAAQBAJ|pg=PT53}}|isbn=978-9-949-51606-3}}</ref>

People with microcephaly were sometimes sold to [[freak shows]] in North America and Europe in the 19th and early 20th centuries, where they were known by the name "pinheads". Many of them were presented as different species (e.g., "monkey man") and described as being the [[Transitional fossil|missing link]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Mateen|first1=F.J.|last2=Boes|first2=C.J.|year=2010|title='Pinheads': the exhibition of neurologic disorders at 'The Greatest Show on Earth'|journal=Neurology|volume=75|issue=22|pages=2028–32|pmid=21115959|doi=10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181ff9636|s2cid=207118420}}</ref> Famous examples include [[Zip the Pinhead]] (although he may not have had microcephaly), [[Maximo and Bartola]] and [[Schlitzie|Schlitzie the Pinhead]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehumanmarvels.com/zip-the-pinhead-what-is-it/|date=16 October 2010|title=Zip the Pinhead: What is it?|work=The Human Marvels|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414081840/http://www.thehumanmarvels.com/zip-the-pinhead-what-is-it/|archive-date=14 April 2016}}</ref> Stars of the 1932 film [[Freaks (1932 film)|Freaks]] were cited as influences on the development of the long-running [[comic strip]] character [[Zippy the Pinhead]], created by [[Bill Griffith]].<ref>{{cite web|year=1995|url=http://www.zippythepinhead.com/pages/aaishehavingfunyet.html|title=Interview with Bill Griffith|website=ZippythePinhead.com|publisher=Goblin Magazine|access-date=13 February 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131175615/http://www.zippythepinhead.com/pages/aaishehavingfunyet.html|archive-date=31 January 2012}}</ref>
<gallery>
File:Triboulet.png|[[Triboulet (playwright)|Triboulet]], a French court [[jester]], 1461
File:Die Gartenlaube (1868) b 204.jpg|18-year-old Emil R., 1868
File:Idiotie - Microcéphalie.jpg|Elderly female, 1888/89
File:Microcephalic high-grade idiot.jpg|52-year-old female, 1900
File:Microcephalus A.jpg|10-year-old male, 1904
File:Microcephalic idiot.jpg|20-year-old female, 1906/07
File:Microcephalic idiots.jpg|3 relatives, 1913
File:Microcephaly sister and brother.jpg|18-year-old sister and 9-year-old brother, 1917
File:Various types 1 (detail A, microcephaly).jpg|55-year-old female, 1920 (linear descendant of [[Pocahontas]])
File:Microcephalics (2nd image, EFGHIJ).jpg|6 siblings, 1920
</gallery>