Editing Mitochondrial matrix (section)

=== Regulation ===
Regulation within the matrix is primarily controlled by ion concentration, metabolite concentration and energy charge. Availability of ions such as [[Calcium signaling|Ca<sup>2+</sup> control]] various functions of the citric acid cycle. in the matrix activates [[pyruvate dehydrogenase]], [[isocitrate dehydrogenase]], and [[α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase]] which increases the reaction rate in the cycle.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Denton|first1=Richard M.|last2=Randle|first2=Philip J.|last3=Bridges|first3=Barbara J.|last4=Cooper|first4=Ronald H.|last5=Kerbey|first5=Alan L.|last6=Pask|first6=Helen T.|last7=Severson|first7=David L.|last8=Stansbie|first8=David|last9=Whitehouse|first9=Susan|date=1975-10-01|title=Regulation of mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase|journal=Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry|language=en|volume=9|issue=1|pages=27–53|doi=10.1007/BF01731731|issn=0300-8177|pmid=171557|s2cid=27367543 }}</ref> Concentration of intermediates and coenzymes in the matrix also increase or decrease the rate of ATP production due to [[Anaplerotic reactions|anaplerotic]] and cataplerotic effects. NADH can act as an [[Enzyme inhibitor|inhibitor]] for [[Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid|α-ketoglutarate]], [[isocitrate dehydrogenase]], [[citrate synthase]], and [[Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex|pyruvate dehydrogenase.]] The concentration of oxaloacetate in particular is kept low, so any fluctuations in this concentrations serve to drive the citric acid cycle forward.<ref name=":1" />  The production of ATP also serves as a means of regulation by acting as an inhibitor for isocitrate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, the electron transport chain protein complexes, and ATP synthase. ADP acts as an [[Enzyme activator|activator]].<ref name=":0" />