Editing Muhammad (section)

=== Attempt to establish himself in Ta'if ===
{{Main|Muhammad's visit to Ta'if}}
In 619, Muhammad faced a period of sorrow. His wife, [[Khadija bint Khuwaylid|Khadija]], a crucial source of his financial and emotional support, died.{{sfn|Lapidus|2012|p=184}} In the same year, his uncle and guardian, [[Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib|Abu Talib]], also died.{{sfn|Rodinson|2021|p=134}}{{sfn|Brown|2011|p=22}} Despite Muhammad's persuasions to Abu Talib to embrace Islam on his deathbed, he clung to his polytheistic beliefs until the end.{{sfn|Rodinson|2021|p=135}}{{sfn|Brown|2011|p=22}} Muhammad's other uncle, [[Abu Lahab]], who succeeded the [[Banu Hashim]] clan leadership, was initially willing to provide Muhammad with protection. However, upon hearing from Muhammad that Abu Talib and [[Abd al-Muttalib]] were destined for hell due to not believing in Islam, he withdrew his support.{{sfn|Rodinson|2021|p=135}}<ref>{{harvnb|Holt|Lambton|Lewis|1977|p=39}}</ref>

Muhammad then went to [[Ta'if]] to try to establish himself in the city and gain aid and protection against the Meccans,{{Sfn|Towghi|1991|p=572}}{{sfn|Buhl|Welch|1993|p=365}}{{sfn|Adil|2002|p=145}} but he was met with a response: "If you are truly a prophet, what need do you have of our help? If God sent you as his messenger, why doesn't He protect you? And if [[Allah]] wished to send a prophet, couldn't He have found a better person than you, a weak and fatherless orphan?"{{sfn|Adil|2002|pp=145–146}} Realizing his efforts were in vain, Muhammad asked the people of Ta'if to keep the matter a secret, fearing that this would embolden the hostility of the Quraysh against him. However, instead of accepting his request, they pelted him with stones, injuring his limbs.{{sfn|Adil|2002|p=146}} He eventually evaded this chaos and persecution by escaping to the garden of [[Utbah ibn Rabi'ah]], a Meccan chief with a summer residence in Ta'if. Muhammad felt despair due to the unexpected rejection and hostility he received in the city; at this point, he realized he had no security or protection except from God, so he began praying. Shortly thereafter, Utbah's Christian slave [[Addas]] stopped by and offered grapes, which Muhammad accepted. By the end of the encounter, Addas felt overwhelmed and kissed Muhammad's head, hands, and feet in recognition of his prophethood.{{sfn|Armstrong|2013|pp=3–4|loc=Chapter Three: Hijrah}}<ref>[[Muhammad ibn Ishaq]], ''[[Sirat Rasul Allah]]'', 280, in [[A. Guillaume]], trans. and ed., ''The Life of Muhammad'' London, 1955, p. 193.</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Watt |first=William Montgomery |author-link=W. Montgomery Watt |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWYH0mHo2AwC |title=The History of al-Ṭabarī |publisher=State University of New York Press |year=1988 |isbn=978-1-4384-2340-1 |volume=6: Muhammad at Mecca |pages=116–117}}</ref>

On Muhammad's return journey to Mecca, news of the events in Ta'if had reached the ears of [[Abu Jahl]], and he said, "They did not allow him to enter Ta'if, so let us deny him entry to Mecca as well." Knowing the gravity of the situation, Muhammad asked a passing horseman to deliver a message to [[Akhnas ibn Shariq]], a member of his mother's clan, requesting his protection so that he could enter in safety. But Akhnas declined, saying that he was only a confederate of the house of [[Quraysh]]. Muhammad then sent a message to [[Suhayl ibn Amir]], who similarly declined on the basis of tribal principle. Finally, Muhammad dispatched someone to ask [[Muṭʽim ibn ʽAdi|Mut'im ibn 'Adiy]], the chief of the [[Banu Nawfal]]. Mut'im agreed, and after equipping himself, he rode out in the morning with his sons and nephews to accompany Muhammad to the city. When Abu Jahl saw him, he asked if Mut'im was simply giving him protection or if he had already converted to his religion. Mut'im replied, "Granting him protection, of course." Then Abu Jahl said, "We will protect whomever you protect."{{sfn|Adil|2002|p=148}}