Editing Multan (section)

====Ghaznavid dynasty====
{{See|Ghaznavids}}
[[Mahmud of Ghazni]] in 1005 led an expedition against Multan's Qarmatian ruler [[Fateh Daud|Abul Fateh Daud]]. The city was surrendered, and Fateh Daud was permitted to retain control over the city with the condition that he adhere to [[Sunnism]].<ref name="Mehta">{{cite book|last1=Mehta|first1=Jaswant Lal|title=Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India, Volume 1|date=1980|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt Ltd|isbn=9788120706170}}</ref> In 1007, Mahmud led another expedition to Multan against his former minister and Hindu convert, Niwasa Khan, who had renounced Islam and attempted to establish control of the region in collusion with Abul Fateh Daud of Multan.<ref name="Mehta"/>

In 1010, Mahmud led his third and punitive expedition against Daud to depose and imprison him,<ref name="MacLean">{{cite book |last1=MacLean |first1=Derryl N. |title=Religion and Society in Arab Sind |date=1989 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=9789004085510}}</ref><ref name="Mehta" /> and suppressed Ismailism in favour of the Sunni creed.<ref name="Virani, Shafique N p. 100">Virani, Shafique N. The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, A Search for Salvation (New York: Oxford University Press), p. 100.</ref> He destroyed the Ismaili congregational mosque that had been built above the ruins of the Multan Sun Temple, and restored the city's old Sunni congregational mosque, built by [[Muhammad bin qasim|Muhammad bin Qasim]].<ref name="Flood" />

The 11th century scholar Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi  reported that the Ismaili community was still living in the city.<ref name="MacLean"/> Following the Ghaznavid invasion of Multan, the local Ismaili community split, with one faction aligning themselves with the Druze religion,<ref name="MacLean"/> which today survives in Lebanon, [[Syria]], and the Golan Heights. Following Mahmud's death in 1030, Multan regained its independence from the [[Ghaznavids|Ghaznavid empire]] and came under the sway of Ismaili rule once again.<ref name="Mehta"/> [[Shah Gardez]], who came to Multan in 1088, is said to have contributed in the restoration of the city.

By the early 1100s, Multan was described by the Arab geographer Muhammad al-Idrisi as being a "large city" commanded by a citadel that was surrounded by a moat.<ref name="Calcutta Review, Volumes 92-93">{{cite book|title=Calcutta Review, Volumes 92–93|date=1891|publisher=University of Calcutta}}</ref> In the early 12th century, Multani poet Abdul Rahman penned the ''Sandesh Rasak'',<ref name="Flood" /> the only known Muslim work in the medieval ''Apabhraṃśa'' language.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=AbpjAAAAMAAJ&q=Sandesh+Rasak Influence of Islam on Hindi Literature,  Volume 47 of IAD oriental original series: Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli, Saiyada Asad Alī, Idarah-i-Adabiyat-i Delli, 2000, p. 12-13, 195]</ref>