Editing Mycotoxin (section)

===Removal===
In the feed and food industry, it has become common practice to add mycotoxin binding agents such as [[montmorillonite]] or [[bentonite]] clay in order to effectively adsorb the mycotoxins.<ref name=Kabak06>{{cite journal |vauthors=Kabak B, Dobson AD, Var I |title=Strategies to prevent mycotoxin contamination of food and animal feed: a review |journal=Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. |volume=46 |issue=8 |pages=593–619 |year=2006 |pmid=17092826 |doi=10.1080/10408390500436185|s2cid=25728064 }}</ref> To reverse the adverse effects of mycotoxins, the following criteria are used to evaluate the functionality of any binding additive:
* Efficacy of active component verified by scientific data
* A low effective inclusion rate
* Stability over a wide pH range
* High capacity to absorb high concentrations of mycotoxins
* High affinity to absorb low concentrations of mycotoxins
* Affirmation of chemical interaction between mycotoxin and adsorbent
* Proven ''in vivo'' data with all major mycotoxins
* Non-toxic, environmentally friendly component

Since not all mycotoxins can be bound to such agents, the latest approach to mycotoxin control is mycotoxin deactivation. By means of enzymes ([[esterase]], [[de-epoxidase]]), [[yeast]] (''[[Trichosporon mycotoxinvorans]]''), or bacterial strains ([[Eubacterium]] BBSH 797 developed by [[Biomin]]), mycotoxins can be reduced during pre-harvesting contamination. Other removal methods include physical separation, washing, milling, [[nixtamalization]], heat-treatment, radiation, extraction with solvents, and the use of chemical or biological agents. Irradiation methods have proven to be effective treatment against mold growth and toxin production.<ref name=Kabak06/>