Editing Numerus clausus (section)

=== France ===

In France, admission to the ''[[grande école|grandes écoles]]'' is obtained by competitive exams with a fixed, limited number of positions each year. Also, at the end of the first year of medical studies in universities, until 2020,<ref>[https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000038821260 Loi numéro 2019-774 du 24 juillet 2019 relative à l'organisation et à la transformation du système de santé]</ref> there was a competitive exam with a ''numerus clausus'' for determining which students are allowed to proceed to the second year; in later years of medical studies there is a competitive exam (''concours de l'internat'') for choosing medical specialties.<ref>M. Huguier, P. Romestaing (October 2014),  [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303576208_Numerus_clausus_and_medical_demographics_in_France  Numerus clausus and medical demographics in France.]</ref>