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Place cell
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==== Vestibular inputs ==== Stimuli from the [[vestibular system]], such as rotations, can cause changes in place cells firing.<ref name="Smith-Darlington2009">{{cite journal|last=Smith|first=Paul F.|author2=Darlington, Cynthia L.|author3=Zheng, Yiwen|date=29 April 2009|title=Move it or lose itβIs stimulation of the vestibular system necessary for normal spatial memory?|journal=Hippocampus|volume=20|issue=1|pages=36β43|doi=10.1002/hipo.20588|pmid=19405142|s2cid=10344864}}</ref><ref name="Jacob-2014">{{Cite journal|last1=Jacob|first1=Pierre-Yves|last2=Poucet|first2=Bruno|last3=Liberge|first3=Martine|last4=Save|first4=Etienne|last5=Sargolini|first5=Francesca|date=2014|title=Vestibular control of entorhinal cortex activity in spatial navigation|journal=Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience|language=en|volume=8|pages=38|doi=10.3389/fnint.2014.00038|pmid=24926239|pmc=4046575|issn=1662-5145|doi-access=free}}</ref> After receiving vestibular input some place cells may remap to align with this input, though not all cells will remap and are more reliant on visual cues.<ref name="Jacob-2014" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Wiener|first1=S. I.|last2=Korshunov|first2=V. A.|last3=Garcia|first3=R.|last4=Berthoz|first4=A.|date=1995-11-01|title=Inertial, substratal and landmark cue control of hippocampal CA1 place cell activity|journal=The European Journal of Neuroscience|volume=7|issue=11|pages=2206β2219|doi=10.1111/j.1460-9568.1995.tb00642.x|issn=0953-816X|pmid=8563970|s2cid=10675209}}</ref> [[Bilateral symmetry|Bilateral]] lesions of the vestibular system in patients may cause abnormal firing of hippocampal place cells as evidenced, in part, by difficulties with spatial tasks such as the [[radial arm maze]] and the [[Morris water navigation task]].<ref name="Smith-Darlington2009" />
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