Editing Road hierarchy (section)

== Europe ==
[[File:Garching Bundesautobahn 9.jpg|thumb|right|[[Bundesautobahn 9]] near by Garching bei Muenchen, Germany]]

Most of Europe has a legal system based on European and international treaties which define at European/international level three types of road: motorways, express roads, and other roads. This vision comes from the 20th century and is limited to traffic code and legal issues. Each nation has its own hierarchy of roads, although there is also a European road numbering at European level, for European roads.

Most of Europe has adopted [[Motorway]]s (Autoroutes/Autobahnen/Autopistas/Autostrade), usually similar to those in France and the UK. The idea was originally developed in Germany, where all motorways are toll-free, and has spread widely. All major through routes in the [[European Union|EU]] and neighbouring countries have a [[International E-road network|European E-Road]] number in addition, or in the case of some countries' motorways, instead of a national number. In the UK, Albania, Iceland, Andorra and Cyprus these numbers are not displayed (although in Cyprus, signposted E roads indicate miscellaneous roads).

Otherwise, most other European countries have some form of differentiating between national routes, regional and inter-regional roads and other local routes.
===Comparison of symbols and names===
Here there is a table comparing the symbols and generic names of the various route types in Europe. Not shown are the expressways ([[limited-access road]]s) and municipal-level routes, as these categories seldom have specific signage. Some countries have two categories of secondary routes, in which case they are shown here in hierarchical order.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Country
! E-road (subcategory of highways)
! Controlled-access highway
! Primary route
! Secondary route
|-
| Austria
| [[File:E43-AT.svg|60px]]
| [[File:A1-AT.svg|60px]]<br/>''[[Autobahns of Austria|Autobahn]]''
| [[File:Hinweiszeichen_19.svg|60px]]<br/>''[[Bundesstraße]]''
| [[File:Hinweiszeichen_21.svg|60px]]<br/>''[[Landesstraße]]''
|-
| Belgium
| [[File:BE-E17.svg|60px]]
| [[File:BE-A1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|nl|Autosnelweg}} / {{lang|fr|Autoroute}}
| [[File:BE-N1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|nl|Nationale Weg}} / {{lang|fr|Route nationale}}
| [[File:BE-N1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|nl|Nationale Weg}} / {{lang|fr|Route nationale}}
|-
| Czech Republic
| [[File:CZ_traffic_sign_IS17_-_E48.svg|60px]]
| [[File:CZ_traffic_sign_IS16a_-_D1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|cs|Dálnice}}
| [[File:SilniceI6.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|cs|Silnice}}
| [[File:SilniceII236.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|cs|Silnice}}
|-
| Denmark
| [[File:E20-DK.svg|60px]]
| {{n/a|No specific sign}}<br/>{{lang|da|Motorvej}}
| [[File:P9-DK.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|da|Primærrute}}
| [[File:S156-DK.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|da|Sekundærrute}}
|-
| Estonia
| [[File:E20-EE.svg|60px]]
| [[File:K1-EE.png|60px]]<br/>{{lang|et|Kiirtee}}
| [[File:M1-EE.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|et|Põhimaantee}}
| [[File:B12-EE.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|et|Tugimaantee}}<br/><br/>[[File:K101-EE.png|60px]]<br/>{{lang|et|Kõrvalmaantee}}
|-
| Finland
| [[File:Finland_road_sign_F28-4.svg|60px]]
| [[File:Finland_road_sign_F29-1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|fi|Valtatie}}
| [[File:Finland_road_sign_F30-40.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|fi|Kantatie}}
| [[File:Finland_road_sign_F31-100.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|fi|Seututie}}<br/><br/>[[File:Finland_road_sign_F32-3622.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|fi|Yhdystiet}}
|-
| France
| [[File:Route_européenne_3.svg|60px]]
| [[File:Autoroute_française_1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|fr|Autoroute}}
| [[File:Route_nationale_française_1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|fr|Route nationale}}
| [[File:Route_départementale_française_1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|fr|Route départementale}}
|-
| Germany
| [[File:European_Road_20_number_DE.svg|60px]]
| [[File:Bundesautobahn_1_number.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|de|Autobahn}}
| [[File:Bundesstraße_1_number.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|de|Bundesstraße}}
| <span style="padding: 0 0.5em; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid black; font-weight: bold; border-radius:0.3em; font-size: 200%; font-family:'DIN Mittelschrift Std', sans-serif;">L&nbsp;1</span><br/>{{lang|de|Landesstraße}}<br/><br/><span style="padding: 0 0.5em; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid black; font-weight: bold; border-radius:0.3em; font-size: 200%; font-family:'DIN Mittelschrift Std', sans-serif;">K&nbsp;1</span><br/>{{lang|de|Kreisstraße}}
|-
| Greece
| [[File:GR-E55t.png|60px]]
| [[File:Autokinetodromos_A1_number.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|el|Αυτοκινητόδρομος}}
| [[File:GR-EO-1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|el|Εθνική Οδός}}
| 
|-
| Hungary
| [[File:E60-HUN.svg|60px]]
| [[File:M1_(Hu)_Otszogletu_kek_tabla.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|hu|Autópálya}}
| [[File:1_(Hu)_Otszogletu_zold_tabla.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|hu|Főút}}
| [[File:1_(Hu)_Otszogletu_zold_tabla.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|hu|Főút}}
|-
| Iceland
| {{n/a|None exist}}
| {{n/a|None exist}}
| [[File:ISL_1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|is|Vegur}}
| [[File:ISL_1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|is|Vegur}}
|-
| Ireland
| [[File:IRL_E-01.svg|60px]]
| [[File:M1-IE confirmatory.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|ga|Mótarbhealach}}&nbsp;/ Motorway
| [[File:IRL_N1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|ga|Bóthar náisiúnta}}&nbsp;/ National road
| [[File:IRL R100.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|ga|Bóthar réigiúnach}}&nbsp;/ Regional road<br><br/>[[File:IRL L1003.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|ga|Bóthar áitiúil}} / Local road
|-
| Italy, San Marino, and Vatican City
| [[File:E25-IT.svg|60px]]
| [[File:Autostrada A1 Italia.png|60px]]<br/>{{lang|it|Autostrada}}
| [[File:Strada_Statale_1_Italia.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|it|Strada statale}}
| [[File:Strada_Regionale_1_Italia.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|it|Strada regionale}}<br/><br/>[[File:Strada_Provinciale_1_Italia.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|it|Strada provinciale}}
|-
| Latvia
| [[File:E20-LV.svg|60px]]
| {{n/a|None exist}}
| [[File:A1-LV.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|lv|Autoceļš}}
| [[File:P1-LV.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|lv|Autoceļš}}
|-
| Lithuania
| [[File:E28-LT.svg|60px]]
| [[File:A1-LT.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|lt|Magistralinis kelias}}
| [[File:K101-LT.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|lt|Krašto kelias}}
| <span style="padding: 0 0.5em; color: #fff; background-color: blue; border: 1px solid black; font-weight: bold; border-radius:0.3em; font-size: 200%; font-family:'Russian Road Sign', sans-serif;">1001</span><br/>{{lang|lt|Rajoninias kelias}}
|-
| Luxembourg
| [[File:E25-L.png|60px]]
| [[File:Autoroute_1_(Luxemburg)_number.png|60px]]<br/>{{lang|lb|Autobunn}}
| [[File:N1_Luxembourg.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|lb|Nationalstrooss}}
| [[File:N1_Luxembourg.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|lb|Nationalstrooss}}
|-
| Moldova
| {{n/a|None exist}}
| {{n/a|None exist}}
| [[File:MDA_M1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|ro|Drumul național}}
| [[File:MDA_R1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|ro|Drum național}}
|-
| Netherlands
| [[File:NL-E19.svg|60px]]
| [[File:NL-A1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|nl|Rijksweg}}
| [[File:NLD-N34.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|nl|Provinciale weg}}
| [[File:NLD-N34.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|nl|Provinciale weg}}
|-
| Norway
| [[File:Norwegian-road-sign-723.11.svg|60px]]
| [[File:Riksvei_2.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|no|Riksvei}}
| [[File:Riksvei_2.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|no|Riksvei}}
| [[File:Fylkesvei_17.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|no|Fylkesvei}}
|-
| Poland
| [[File:E28-PL.svg|60px]]
| [[File:A1-PL.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|pl|Autostrada}}
| [[File:DK1-PL.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|pl|Droga krajowa}}
| [[File:DW100-PL.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|pl|Droga wojewódzka}}
|-
| Portugal
| [[File:E01-PT.svg|60px]]
| [[File:A1-PT.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|pt|Auto-estrada}}
| <span style="padding: 0 0.5em; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid black; font-weight: bold; border-radius:0.3em; font-size: 200%; font-family:'Transport', 'Transport Greek', sans-serif;">N&nbsp;1</span><br/>{{lang|pt|Estrada nacional}}
| <span style="padding: 0 0.5em; color: #000000; background-color: yellow; border: 1px solid black; font-weight: bold; border-radius:0.3em; font-size: 200%; font-family:'Transport', 'Transport Greek', sans-serif;">R&nbsp;1</span><br/>{{lang|pt|Estrada regional}}
|-
| Romania
| [[File:E58-RO.svg|60px]]
| [[File:A1-RO.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|ro|Autostradă}}
| [[File:ROU_DN1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|ro|Drum național}}
| [[File:DJ143B-RO.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|ro|Drum județean}}
|-
| Russia
| [[File:E18-RUS.svg|60px]]
| [[File:M1-RUS.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|ru|Магистральная}}
| [[File:P21-RUS.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|ru|Региональная}}
| {{n/a}}
|-
| Serbia
| [[File:E661-SRB.svg|60px]]
| [[File:Motorway-A1-Hex-Green.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|sr|Autoput}}
| [[File:M10-SRB.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|sr|Državni put}}
| [[File:M10-SRB.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|sr|Državni put}}
|-
| Slovakia
| [[File:E50-SVK-2020.svg|60px]]
| [[File:D1-SVK-2020.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|sk|Diaľnica}}
| [[File:I2-SVK-2020.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|sk|Cesta I. triedy}}
| [[File:II595-SVK-2020.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|sk|Cesta II. triedy}}
|-
| Slovenia
| [[File:E57-HR.svg|60px]]
| [[File:Avtocesta_A1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|sl|Avtocesta}}
| [[File:Glavna_cesta_102.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|sl|Glavna cesta}}
| [[File:Regionalna_cesta_430.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|sl|Regionalna cesta}}
|-
| Spain and Andorra
| [[File:ESP_E-1.svg|60px]]
| [[File:ESP_A-1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|es|Autovía}}
| [[File:ESP_N-1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|es|Carretera nacional}}
| [[File:ESP_M-100.svg|60px]]{{efn|Each [[autonomous community]] of Spain has its own abbreviation.}}<br/>{{lang|es|Autovía}}/{{lang|es|Carretera}}
|-
| Sweden
| [[File:E4_(Sverige).svg|60px]]
| {{n/a|No specific sign}}
| [[File:Riksväg 11.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|sv|Riksväg}}
| [[File:Lansväg 102.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|sv|Länsväg}}
|-
| Switzerland and Liechtenstein
| [[File:E23-SUI.svg|60px]]
| [[File:A1Swiss.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|de|Autobahn}} / {{lang|fr|Autoroute}} / {{lang|it|Autostrada}}
| [[File:Hauptstrasse_Nummer_1.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|de|Hauptstraße}} / {{lang|fr|Route principale}} / {{lang|it|Strada principale}} / {{lang|it|Via principala}}
| [[File:No image available.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|de|Kantonsstraße}} / {{lang|fr|Route cantonale}} / {{lang|it|Strada cantonale}}
|-
| Turkey
| [[File:E70-TR.png|60px]]
| [[File:O1-TR_sign.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|tr|Otoyol}}
| [[File:D010-TR.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|tr|Devlet Yolu}}
| [[File:35-04-TUR.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|tr|İl yolu}}
|-
| Ukraine
| [[File:E101_Ukraine.png|60px]]
| [[File:M01-UA.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|uk|Автошлях}}
| [[File:N-road-01-Ukraine.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|uk|Автошлях}}
| [[File:P-road-04-Ukraine.svg|60px]]<br/>{{lang|uk|Автошлях}}
|-
| United Kingdom
| {{n/a|Not signaled}}
| [[File:UK M1 jct.svg|60px]]<br/>Motorway
| [[File:UK_road_A1.svg|60px]]<br/>A road
| [[File:UK_road_B1114.png|60px]]<br/>B road
|}

===United Kingdom ===
{{Main |Roads in the United Kingdom#Classification}}
In the United Kingdom, roads are classified according to an administrative (statutory) hierarchy that reflects importance and development plans.

====Motorway====
[[Motorways]] are high-speed roads similar to freeways. They are designated with an M prefix or (M) suffix. e.g. M1, A1(M). The speed limit is generally {{convert|70|mi/h}} and there is a [[hard shoulder]].  Emergency telephones are located every mile along the route so motorists with broken-down vehicles can contact the authorities, although this is increasingly being done using [[mobile phone]]s.  Signs are blue with white text for both destinations and motorway numbers.  In general, junctions are given numbers which are displayed prominently, sometimes with a letter suffix, in a small black box on all the signs for any given junction.  Junctions are generally signed one mile before they exit, with three or four further signs as the junction is reached, although on busy urban stretches this first warning can reduce to about ⅓mile.  Cyclists, pedestrians, mopeds, very slow vehicles and certain other traffic are banned.

====A-roads====
Primary A-roads are green on maps and signs. A main recommended route, they are usually single carriageway or [[dual carriageway]], but can be single track as in North West [[Sutherland]]. The primary road network is fully connected, meaning you can reach any part from any other without leaving the network.  Some of the major dual carriageway primary routes have numbered junctions or hard shoulders in the style of the [[Continental Europe|Continental]] semi-motorways.  Many primary routes are largely or wholly subject to [[clearway]] restrictions, and in major cities they may be classed as [[red route]]s.  Emergency telephones, if present at all, are usually infrequent – there may be some additional telephones operated by the UK's two main motoring organisations, the [[RAC plc|RAC]] and the [[The Automobile Association|AA]], but these are becoming rarer.

A non-primary A-road often exists where the route is important but there is a nearby primary route (A or motorway) which duplicates this road's function. Shown as red on maps, and has white signage with black lettering.  Some non-primary A-class roads are partially subject to clearway restrictions.

====Other roads====
B-roads are regional in nature and used to connect areas of lesser importance. Usually shown as brown or yellow on maps and have the same white signs as non-primary A-class routes. If the route is primary, like the B6261, then it will be shown the same as a primary A-class route.

C-roads are used as local authority designations for routes within their area for administrative purposes. These routes are not shown on [[Scale (map)#Large scale, medium scale, small scale|small-scale]] road maps, but have occasionally been known to appear on road signs.

Unclassified roads are local roads with no defined destination.  Local destinations may, however, be signed along them.

=== France ===

In France, roads are classified according to an administrative hierarchy that reflects the authority responsible for their management. Characteristics such as speed or crossings may vary independently of this classification.

====Autoroutes====
Along with the rest of Europe, France has motorways or {{lang|fr|[[Autoroutes of France|autoroutes]]}} similar to the British network.  Unlike in the UK, the network is mostly accessible on payment of a toll, which is usually distance-dependent; there are generally more toll motorways in the south of France.  However, sections passing through or close to major towns and cities are usually free.  As in the UK, destinations reached via a motorway are shown with white text on a blue background.  Junctions are usually numbered, the numbers being shown on signs in a small oval in the corner of the sign.

===={{lang|fr|Routes nationales|italic=no}}====
Before the construction of {{lang|fr|autoroutes}}, {{lang|fr|[[Route Nationale (France)|routes nationales]]}} were the highest classification of road.  They are denoted by a route number beginning "N", or occasionally "RN". Going back to a Napoleonic road classification system, these are main roads comparable with British primary routes.  They are maintained directly by the state and are usually the shortest route between major centres. Many N-class roads are dual carriageway for some or all of their length, with a few also being given the designation of semi-motorway, where junctions are grade-separated and there is a central reservation with crash barrier.  The hard shoulder is often narrower than on full motorways and there are fewer emergency telephones.

===={{lang|fr|Routes départementales|italic=no}}====
France (including overseas territory) is split into 100 [[Departments of France|departments]], the second-highest tier of local government, similar to a UK county or US state.  The departments have responsibility for all roads beginning with a letter "D", or occasionally "RD".  These roads vary in quality, from newly built local dual carriageways and downgraded {{lang|fr|routes nationales}} to winding roads that are barely wide enough for traffic to pass.  Generally, they are quieter than the {{lang|fr|routes nationales}}, and of a reasonable standard.

===={{lang|fr|Routes communales|italic=no}}====
In general, each settlement in France is a [[Commune (France)|commune]] – akin to a British [[civil parish]].  This most local level of government is responsible for maintaining all the local roads, which are numbered with a letter "C" prefix.  Except in major towns and cities, where their numbers are usually not marked on signs, they are usually single-track and may be in a state of poor repair due to the large number of roads covered by populations as small as 10.

=== Hungary ===
{{Main |Highways in Hungary#Road categories}}
In Hungary, roads are classified by design type as follows:
* Motorway ({{langx|hu|autópálya|link=no}}): controlled-access highway with at least 2+2 travel lanes and 1+1 emergency lane, central reservation, no at-grade intersections, and a speed limit of 130&nbsp;km/h 
* Expressway ({{langx|hu|autóút|link=no}}): limited-access road with 1+1 or more travel lanes, optionally emergency lanes and central reservation, some at-grade intersections (only if 1+1 lanes), and a speed limit of 110&nbsp;km/h 
* Arterial road or main road ({{langx|hu|főút|link=no}}), with one digit in their name, e.g. {{lang|hu|6-os út}}
* County road ({{langx|hu|megyei út|link=no}}), with two digits, e.g. {{lang|hu|16-os út}}
* Local road ({{langx|hu|helyi út|link=no}}), with three or more digits

=== Italy ===
{{Main |Roads in Italy#Technical classification}}
In Italy, roads can be classified according to an administrative hierarchy into [[State highways (Italy)|state]], [[Regional road (Italy)|regional]], [[Provincial road (Italy)|provincial]] and [[Municipal road (Italy)|municipal]] roads. They can also be classified into the following design types.

==== Autostrade ====
[[File:Autostrada del Sole - Italy - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Autostrada A1 (Italy)|Autostrada A1]] runs through [[Italy]] linking some of the [[List of cities in Italy|largest cities of the country]]: [[Milan]], [[Bologna]], [[Florence]], [[Rome]] and [[Naples]]]]

{{lang|it|[[Autostrade of Italy|Autostrade]]}} ([[motorway]]s) are designated by an "A" prefix and signed with a white‑on‑green octagonal shield. They are managed by concessionaire companies under the [[Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport (Italy)|Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport]], with tolls collected via closed (distance‑based) or open (flat‑rate) systems. The standard speed limit for cars is 130 km/h, with provisions up to 150 km/h on concession sections equipped with the [[SPECS (speed camera)|SICVE]] average‑speed system. As of July 2022, they total about 7,016 km, plus 13 [[spur route]]s totalling 355 km, for a density of 22.4 km of motorway per 1,000 km² of territory. They feature varying lane configurations: 1,870.2 km with three lanes per carriageway, 129 km with four lanes, 1.8 km with five, and the remainder with two lanes per carriageway.

Italy inaugurated the world’s first motorway in 1924 with the {{lang|it|[[Autostrada dei Laghi]]}}  ("Lakes Motorway") connecting [[Milan]] and [[Lake Como]] and [[Lake Maggiore]], originally opened as a single‑carriageway road.

==== Extra-urban roads ====

[[Dual carriageway]]s (unofficially called {{lang|it|superstrade}}) are divided into:<ref name="aci">{{cite web |url= http://www.aci.it/index.php?id=460 |title= Codice della strada della Repubblica Italiana |trans-title= Italian Highway Code |author= Automobile Club Italia |access-date= 1 February 2010 |language= it}}</ref>
* {{lang|it|[[Strada extraurbana principale|Strade extraurbane principale]]}} (type-B): toll-free main highways with paved shoulders, built to near‑motorway standards, with a maximum speed of 110 km/h and at least two lanes per direction. Signs are white‑on‑blue and, as in ''autostrade'', pedestrians, bicycles, and slow vehicles are prohibited.  
* {{lang|it|Strade extraurbane secondarie}} (type-C): all non‑urban roads that lack full type-A/B standards. They have a 90 km/h speed limit and may be single‑carriageway.

==== Urban roads ====  

There are three types:<ref name="aci"/>
* {{lang|it|Strade urbane di scorrimento}} (type-D): urban expressways with at‑level junctions and a 70 km/h limit.
* {{lang|it|Strade urbana di quartiere}} (type-E): two-lane neighborhood routes; they include {{lang|it|strada urbana ciclabile}} (type E-bis), cycle‑priority streets with 30 km/h limits.
* {{lang|it|Strade locali}} (type-F): they include {{lang|it|strade vicinali}} which provide direct property access and {{lang|it|itinerari ciclopedonali}} providing safe pedestrian or cycle travel.

=== Czech Republic and Slovakia ===
{{Main |Highways in the Czech Republic#Road categories |Highways in Slovakia}}
This administrative hierarchy was defined under the 1961 Czechoslovak road act and adapted separately by each country after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia:
* Motorways ({{langx|cs|dálnice}}, {{langx|sk|diaľnica}}): state-owned tolled trunk highways with at least 2 lanes per direction and an emergency lane, white-on-green signage, number with a "D" prefix, 130 km/h speed limit (80–90 km/h in urban areas).
* Expressways ({{langx|cs|rychlostní silnice|link=no}}, {{langx|sk|rychlostná cesta|link=no}}): limited-access highways below motorway standard, "R" prefix. Mostly upgraded to motorway status in the Czech Republic and redefined as a motorway type in Slovakia.
* Highways ({{langx|cs|silnice|link=no}}, {{langx|sk|cesta|link=no}}): numbered roads, up to 90 km/h, with "roads for motorcars" sections. Classified as:
** First class roads ({{langx|cs|silnice I. třídy|link=no}}, {{langx|sk|cesta I. triedy|link=no}}): 1–2 digits, state-owned, blue signage.
** Second class roads ({{langx|cs|silnice II. třídy|link=no}}, {{langx|sk|cesta II. triedy|link=no}}): 3 digits, region-owned, blue signage.
** Third class roads ({{langx|cs|silnice III. třídy|link=no}}, {{langx|sk|cesta III. triedy|link=no}}): region-owned.
* Local roads ({{langx|cs|místní komunikace|link=no}}, {{langx|sk|miestna cesta|link=no}}): municipal roads in four importance classes, from major urban collectors to pedestrian/cycle paths. Include "express local roads" built to expressway standards.
* Utilitarian roads ({{langx|cs|účelová komunikace|link=no}}, {{langx|sk|účelová komunikácia|link=no}}): either closed (private) or publicly accessible (but with motor vehicles prohibited on forest roads).

=== Poland ===
{{main|Classes and categories of public roads in Poland}}
In Poland, roads are classified according to an administrative hierarchy as follows:
* [[National roads in Poland|National roads]] ({{langx|pl|drogi krajowe}}) – [[trunk road]]s, [[International E-road network|international E-road]] ([[Highways in Poland|motorways and express roads]])
* [[Voivodeship road]] ({{langx|pl|drogi wojewódzkie|link=no}}) – regional roads
* [[Powiat|County]] roads ({{langx|pl|drogi powiatowe|link=no}})
* [[Gmina|Communal/municipal]] roads ({{langx|pl|drogi gminne|link=no}})

=== Portugal ===
{{main|Roads in Portugal}}
In Portugal, roads are classified according to an administrative hierarchy as follows:
* Motorways ("A", {{langx|pt|autoestradas}}), most of them with [[Toll (fee)|tolls]]
* Principal routes ("IP", {{langx|pt|itinerários principais|link=no}}) – north-south and east-west country-wide roads
* Complementary routes ("IC", {{langx|pt|itinerários complementares|link=no}}) – complementary routes: roads that branch from principal routes
* National routes ("N", {{langx|pt|estradas nacionais|link=no}}) – roads used to link cities, [[Municipalities of Portugal|municipal]] seats, and other important sites that are not linked by one of the precedent road types
* Regional routes ("R", {{langx|pt|estradas regionais|link=no}}) – roads linking places of interest within the [[Administrative divisions of Portugal#Administrative regions|region]] they were built in
* Municipal roads ("M", {{langx|pt|estradas municipais|link=no}}) – roads linking different places within a municipality

=== Romania ===
{{Main |Roads in Romania}}
In Romania, roads are classified according to an administrative hierarchy as:
* Motorways ("A", {{langx|ro|autostrăzi}})
* National and European roads ("DN", "E", {{langx|ro|drumuri naționale și europene|link=no}})
* National roads ("DN", {{langx|ro|drumuri naționale|link=no}})
* County roads ("DJ", {{langx|ro|drumuri județene|link=no}}
* Communal roads ("DC", {{langx|ro|drumuri comunal|link=no}})

=== Cyprus ===
{{Main |Roads and motorways in Cyprus#Road network categories and numbering}}
In Cyprus, roads are classified according to a functional hierarchy as:

* [[Controlled-access highway|Motorways]] ("A", {{langx|el|αυτοκινητόδρομος}}) are mainly 2 lanes on each side but some areas in [[Nicosia]] and [[Limassol]] have 3 lanes on each side.
* Trunk roads ("B"): these are mainly the old roads the motorways have replaces but not all of them are. These link towns together and also include some ring-roads. Most of these are single-carriageway 2 lane roads but a few of them are 4 lane dual-carriageway.
* Secondary roads ("E"): these are main roads which go through multiple villages and small towns and are built similarly to B roads. A few of them can also be 4 lane dual-carriageways.
* Local roads ("F"): small village roads which normally only serve 1 or a few villages. These can be 2 lane roads but also a few of them are 1 lane but wide enough for 2 cars to pass
* Unclassified: the broadest type of classifications. These can be dirt-roads leading to farms and can also be dual-carriageways. The majority of them are 1 or 2 lane roads in towns or villages.