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Rogue wave
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==Other media== {{See also|Optical rogue waves}} Researchers at [[UCLA]] observed rogue-wave phenomena in microstructured [[optical fiber]]s near the threshold of soliton [[supercontinuum]] generation and characterized the initial conditions for generating rogue waves in any medium.<ref>{{cite journal | author = R. Colin Johnson | title = EEs Working With Optical Fibers Demystify 'Rogue Wave' Phenomenon | journal = Electronic Engineering Times | date = December 24, 2007|issue=1507 | pages = 14, 16 | url = http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/cmp/eetimes122407/index.php?startid=14}}</ref> Research in [[optics]] has pointed out the role played by a Peregrine soliton that may explain those waves that appear and disappear without leaving a trace.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Kibler|first1=B. | last2 = Fatome | first2 = J. | last3 = Finot | first3 = C. | last4 = Millot | first4 = G. | last5 = Dias | first5 = F. | last6 = Genty | first6 = G. | last7 = Akhmediev | first7 = N. | last8 = Dudley |first8= J.M. | year = 2010 | title = The Peregrine soliton in nonlinear fibre optics | journal = Nature Physics | doi = 10.1038/nphys1740 | volume = 6 | issue = 10 | bibcode = 2010NatPh...6..790K | pages=790–795|citeseerx=10.1.1.222.8599 |s2cid=16176134 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Peregrine's 'Soliton' observed at last | publisher = bris.ac.uk | url = http://www.bris.ac.uk/news/2010/7184.html | access-date = 2010-08-24 }}</ref> Rogue waves in other media appear to be ubiquitous and have also been reported in liquid [[helium]], in quantum mechanics,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bayındır |first1=Cihan |year=2020 |title=Rogue quantum harmonic oscillations |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378437120301965 |journal=Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications |volume=547 |page=124462 |arxiv=1902.08823 |bibcode=2020PhyA..54724462B |doi=10.1016/j.physa.2020.124462 |s2cid=118829011}}</ref> in [[Optical rogue waves|nonlinear optics]], in microwave cavities,<ref name="Kuhl 2010">{{cite journal |last=Höhmann |first=R. |display-authors=etal |date=2010 |title=Freak Waves in the Linear Regime: A Microwave Study |journal=Phys. Rev. Lett. |volume=104 |issue=9 |page=093901 |arxiv=0909.0847 |bibcode=2010PhRvL.104i3901H |doi=10.1103/physrevlett.104.093901 |issn=0031-9007 |pmid=20366984 |s2cid=33924953}}</ref> in [[Bose–Einstein condensate]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhao |first1=Li-Chen |year=2013 |title=Dynamics of nonautonomous rogue waves in Bose–Einstein condensate |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003491612001716 |journal=Annals of Physics |volume=329 |pages=73–79 |bibcode=2013AnPhy.329...73Z |doi=10.1016/j.aop.2012.10.010}}</ref> in heat and diffusion,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bayindir |first1=Cihan |year=2020 |title=Rogue heat and diffusion waves |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960077920304446 |journal=Chaos, Solitons & Fractals |volume=139 |page=110047 |arxiv=1907.09989 |bibcode=2020CSF...13910047B |doi=10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110047 |s2cid=198179703}}</ref> and in finance.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yan |first1=Zhen-Ya |year=2010 |title=Financial Rogue Waves |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0253-6102/54/5/31 |journal=Communications in Theoretical Physics |volume=54 |issue=5 |pages=947–949 |arxiv=0911.4259 |bibcode=2010CoTPh..54..947Y |doi=10.1088/0253-6102/54/5/31 |s2cid=118728813}}</ref><ref name="Onorato 2013">{{cite journal |last=Onorato |first=M. |display-authors=etal |year=2013 |title=Rogue waves and their generating mechanisms in different physical contexts |journal=Physics Reports |volume=528 |issue=2 |pages=47–89 |bibcode=2013PhR...528...47O |doi=10.1016/j.physrep.2013.03.001 |issn=0370-1573}}</ref>
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