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Self-proclaimed monarchy
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=== Haiti === [[File:Jean Jacques Dessalines.jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|[[Jacques I of Haiti|Jacques I]], [[Emperor of Haiti]], 1804]] In 1804, in [[First Empire of Haiti|Haiti]], the governor general, [[Jean-Jacques Dessalines]], proclaimed himself "Emperor Jacques I". He ruled for two years.<ref>[http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/h34-np2.html "Slave Revolt in St. Domingue"].</ref>{{full citation needed|date=April 2022}} In 1811, the president, [[Henry Christophe]], proclaimed himself "[[Kingdom of Haiti|King Henri I]]" and ruled until 1820.<ref name="ceac">Cheesman, 2007.</ref> In 1849, the president, [[Faustin Soulouque]], proclaimed himself "[[Second Empire of Haiti|Emperor Faustin I]]" and ruled until 1859.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ujAPRER5jOMC&pg=PA25 ''The impact of the Haitian Revolution in the Atlantic world'']. David Patrick Geggus (ed.), p. 25. University of South Carolina Press, 2001. {{ISBN|1-57003-416-8}}, {{ISBN|978-1-57003-416-9}}.</ref>
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