Editing Signal processing (section)

==Application fields==
[[File:Seismic Data Processing.jpg|thumb|Seismic signal processing]]
* [[Audio signal processing]]{{spaced ndash}} for electrical signals representing sound, such as [[Speech signal processing|speech]] or music<ref>{{cite journal
  |last=Sarangi|first=Susanta |author2=Sahidullah, Md |author3=Saha, Goutam
  |title=Optimization of data-driven filterbank for automatic speaker verification
  |journal=Digital Signal Processing |date=September 2020 |volume=104 
  |page=102795 |doi= 10.1016/j.dsp.2020.102795|arxiv=2007.10729|bibcode=2020DSP...10402795S |s2cid=220665533 }}</ref>
* [[Image processing]]{{spaced ndash}} in digital cameras, computers and various imaging systems
* [[Video processing]]{{spaced ndash}} for interpreting moving pictures
* [[Wireless communication]]{{spaced ndash}} waveform generations, demodulation, filtering, equalization
* [[Control systems]]  
* [[Array processing]]{{spaced ndash}} for processing signals from arrays of sensors
* [[Process control]]{{spaced ndash}} a variety of signals are used, including the industry standard [[4-20&nbsp;mA current loop]]
* [[Seismology]]
* [[Feature extraction]], such as [[image understanding]], [[semantic audio]] and [[speech recognition]].
* Quality improvement, such as [[noise reduction]], [[image enhancement]], and [[echo cancellation]].
* Source coding including [[audio compression (data)|audio compression]], [[image compression]], and [[video compression]].
* [[Genomic]] signal processing<ref>{{cite journal|first1=D.|last1=Anastassiou|title=Genomic signal processing|journal=IEEE Signal Processing Magazine|volume=18|issue=4|pages=8–20|year=2001|publisher=IEEE|doi=10.1109/79.939833|bibcode=2001ISPM...18....8A }}</ref>
* In [[geophysics]], signal processing is used to amplify the signal vs the noise within [[time-series]] measurements of geophysical data. Processing is conducted within the [[time domain]] or [[frequency domain]], or both.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Telford |first1=William Murray |last2=Geldart |first2=L. P. |first3=Robert E. |last3= Sheriff |title=Applied geophysics |year=1990 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-0-521-33938-4}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Reynolds |first1=John M. |title=An Introduction to Applied and Environmental Geophysics |year=2011 |publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]] |isbn=978-0-471-48535-3}}</ref>

In communication systems, signal processing may occur at:{{cn|date=March 2025}}
* OSI layer 1 in the seven-layer [[OSI model]], the [[physical layer]] ([[modulation]], [[Equalization (communications)|equalization]], [[multiplexing]], etc.); 
* OSI layer 2, the [[data link layer]] ([[forward error correction]]);
* OSI layer 6, the [[presentation layer]] (source coding, including [[analog-to-digital conversion]] and [[data compression]]).