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Sino-Soviet split
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===Mao, Khrushchev, and the US=== In 1960, Mao expected Khrushchev to deal aggressively with US President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] by holding him to account for the USSR having [[1960 U-2 incident|shot down a U-2 spy plane]], the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s photographing of military bases in the USSR; aerial espionage that the US said had been discontinued. In Paris, at the [[1960 Paris Summit|Four Powers Summit]] meeting, Khrushchev demanded and failed to receive Eisenhower's apology for the CIA's continued aerial espionage of the USSR. In China, Mao and the CCP interpreted Eisenhower's refusal to apologize as disrespectful of the national sovereignty of socialist countries, and held political rallies aggressively demanding Khrushchev's military confrontation with US aggressors; without such decisive action, Khrushchev lost face with the PRC.<ref>Gordon H. Chang, ''Friends and enemies : the United States, China, and the Soviet Union, 1948β1972'' (1990) [[iarchive:friendsenemiesth00chan|online]]</ref> In the Romanian capital of [[Bucharest]], at the [[1960 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties|International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties]] (November 1960), Mao and Khrushchev respectively attacked the Soviet and the Chinese interpretations of [[Marxism-Leninism]] as the wrong road to world socialism in the USSR and in China. Mao said that Khrushchev's emphases on consumer goods and material plenty would make the Soviets ideologically soft and un-revolutionary, to which Khrushchev replied: "If we could promise the people nothing, except revolution, they would scratch their heads and say: 'Isn't it better to have good goulash?{{' "}}{{sfnp|Chi-Kwan|2013|page=49}}
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