Editing Tidal power (section)

== Current and future tidal power schemes ==
{{Main|List of tidal power stations}}
[[File:VerdantPower 22Oct2020 RooseveltIsland.jpg|thumb|Roosevelt Island Tidal Energy (RITE) installation of three Verdant Power underwater 35-kilowatt turbines on a single triangular base (called a TriFrame) off the coast of New York City's Roosevelt Island on October 22, 2020.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Deign |first1=Jason |title=New York City Is About to Get an Injection of Tidal Power. Is This Time Different? |url=https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/how-new-york-could-snag-a-piece-of-upcoming-tidal-action |access-date=22 October 2020 |publisher=Greentech Media |date=20 October 2020 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20201022225156/https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/how-new-york-could-snag-a-piece-of-upcoming-tidal-action |archive-date=22 October 2020}}</ref>]]
* The [[Rance tidal power plant]] built over a period of six&nbsp;years from 1960 to 1966 at [[Rance river|La Rance]], France.<ref>[http://membres.lycos.fr/chezalex/projets/rance/sommaire_rance.htm L'Usine marémotrice de la Rance] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050408052145/http://membres.lycos.fr/chezalex/projets/rance/sommaire_rance.htm |date=April 8, 2005 }}</ref> It has 240&nbsp;MW installed capacity.
* 254&nbsp;MW [[Sihwa Lake Tidal Power Plant]] in South Korea is the largest tidal power installation in the world. Construction was completed in 2011.<ref name=korea>{{cite web |url=http://www.newsworld.co.kr/cont/article2009/0909-52.htm |title=Hunt for African Projects |publisher=Newsworld.co.kr |access-date=2011-04-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719135526/http://www.newsworld.co.kr/cont/article2009/0909-52.htm |archive-date=2011-07-19 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://engsales.yonhapnews.co.kr/YNA/ContentsSales/EngSales/YISW_PopupPhotoPreview.aspx?CID=PYH20110411088100341|title=Tidal power plant nears completion|website=yonhapnews.co.kr|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425235816/http://engsales.yonhapnews.co.kr/YNA/ContentsSales/EngSales/YISW_PopupPhotoPreview.aspx?CID=PYH20110411088100341|archive-date=2012-04-25}}</ref>
* The [[Jiangxia Tidal Power Station]], south of [[Hangzhou]] in [[China]] has been operational since 1985, with current installed capacity of 3.2&nbsp;MW. More tidal power is planned near the mouth of the [[Yalu Jiang|Yalu River]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2004/11/china-endorses-300-mw-ocean-energy-project-17685 |title=China Endorses 300 MW Ocean Energy Project |date=2 November 2004 |publisher=Renewableenergyworld.com |access-date=2011-04-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120715035036/http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2004/11/china-endorses-300-mw-ocean-energy-project-17685 |archive-date=2012-07-15 }}</ref>
* The first in-stream tidal current generator in North America ([[Race Rocks Tidal Power Demonstration Project]]) was installed at [[Race Rocks]] on southern [[Vancouver Island]] in September 2006.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cleancurrent.com/technology/rrproject.htm |title=Race Rocks Demonstration Project |publisher=Cleancurrent.com |access-date=2011-04-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705173021/http://www.cleancurrent.com/technology/rrproject.htm |archive-date=2008-07-05 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.racerocks.com/racerock/energy/tidalenergy/tidalenergy2.htm |title=Tidal Energy, Ocean Energy |publisher=Racerocks.com |access-date=2011-04-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612142255/http://www.racerocks.com/racerock/energy/tidalenergy/tidalenergy2.htm |archive-date=2011-06-12 }}</ref> The Race Rocks project was shut down after operating for five years (2006–2011) because high operating costs produced electricity at a rate that was not economically feasible.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.racerocks.ca/tidal-energy-turbine-removal/|title=Tidal Energy Turbine Removal|date=2011-09-18|work=Race Rocks Ecological Reserve- Marine mammals, seabirds|access-date=2018-09-09|language=en-CA}}</ref> The next phase in the development of this tidal current generator will be in Nova Scotia (Bay of Fundy).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cleancurrent.com/media/index.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070603100529/http://www.cleancurrent.com/media/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2007-06-03 |title=Information for media inquiries |publisher=Cleancurrent.com |date=2009-11-13 |access-date=2011-04-05 }}</ref>
* A small project was built by the Soviet Union at [[Kislaya Guba Tidal Power Station|Kislaya Guba]] on the [[Barents Sea]]. It has 0.4&nbsp;MW installed capacity. In 2006 it was upgraded with a 1.2&nbsp;MW experimental advanced orthogonal turbine.
* [[Uldolmok Tidal Power Station|Jindo Uldolmok Tidal Power Plant]] in South Korea is a tidal stream generation scheme planned to be expanded progressively to 90&nbsp;MW of capacity by 2013. The first 1&nbsp;MW was installed in May 2009.<ref>[http://www.korea.net/news/News/newsView.asp?serial_no=20090518009&part=101&SearchDay=2009.05.18&page=1 Korea's first tidal power plant built in Uldolmok, Jindo] {{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
* A 1.2&nbsp;MW [[SeaGen]] system became operational in late 2008 on [[Strangford Lough]] in [[Northern Ireland]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7790494.stm | work=BBC News | title=Tidal energy system on full power | date=December 18, 2008 | access-date=March 26, 2010 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826022612/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7790494.stm | archive-date=August 26, 2010 }}</ref> It was decommissioned and removed in 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-01-27 |title=Strangford tidal energy turbine to be removed |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-35416282 |access-date=2024-10-12 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* The contract for an 812&nbsp;MW tidal barrage near [[Ganghwa Island]] (South Korea) north-west of Incheon has been signed by Daewoo. Completion was planned for 2015<ref name=korea /> but project was retracted in 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-06-29|title=Tidal Power in South Korea|url=https://saveinternational.org/saveinaction/tidal-power-in-south-korea/|access-date=2021-10-11|website=SAVE International|language=en}}</ref>
* A 1,320&nbsp;MW [[Incheon Tidal Power Station|barrage]] was proposed by the South Korean government in 2009, to be built around islands west of Incheon. The project halted since 2012 due to environmental concerns.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100107103634/http://ecoseed.org/en/general-green-news/green-politics/green-policies/asia-pacific/3457 $ 3-B tidal power plant proposed near Korean islands]</ref>
* The Scottish Government has approved plans for a 10&nbsp;MW <nowiki>''Òran na Mara''</nowiki> array of tidal stream generators near [[Islay]], Scotland, costing 40&nbsp;million pounds, and consisting of 10 turbines&nbsp;– enough to power over 5,000 homes. The first turbine was expected to be in operation by 2013<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-12767211 |title=Islay to get major tidal power scheme |publisher=BBC |access-date=2011-03-19 |date=March 17, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110318115244/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-12767211 |archive-date=March 18, 2011 }}</ref> and then once again announced in 2021,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-02-22 |title=Islay project to produce Scotch whisky by tidal power |url=https://www.scottishconstructionnow.com/articles/islay-project-to-produce-scotch-whisky-by-tidal-power |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Scottish Construction Now |language=en}}</ref> but as of 2023 none existed.
* The Indian state of [[Gujarat]] was planning to host South Asia's first commercial-scale tidal power station. The company Atlantis Resources planned to install a 50&nbsp;MW tidal farm in the Gulf of Kutch on India's west coast, with construction planned to start 2012,<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-12215065 | work=BBC News | title=India plans Asian tidal power first | date=January 18, 2011 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119045601/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-12215065 | archive-date=January 19, 2011 }}</ref> later withdrawn due to high costs.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-08-20|title=India's tidal power potential hampered by high costs and environmental risks|url=https://india.mongabay.com/2021/08/indias-tidal-power-potential-hampered-by-high-costs-and-environmental-risks/|access-date=2021-10-11|website=Mongabay-India|language=en-US}}</ref>
* Ocean Renewable Power Corporation was the first company to deliver tidal power to the US grid in September 2012 when its pilot TidGen system was successfully deployed in [[Cobscook Bay]], near Eastport.<ref>[http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-505245_162-57512964/1st-tidal-power-delivered-to-us-grid-off-maine/ "1st tidal power delivered to US grid off Maine"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916223233/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-505245_162-57512964/1st-tidal-power-delivered-to-us-grid-off-maine/ |date=September 16, 2012 }}, CBS MoneyWatch, September 14, 2012</ref>
* In New York City, Verdant Power successfully deployed and operated three tidal turbines in the East River near Roosevelt Island, on a single triangular base system, called a TriFrame.  The Roosevelt Island Tidal Energy (RITE) Project generated over 300MWh of electricity to the local grid, an American marine energy record. The system's performance was independently confirmed by Scotland's European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) under the new International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) international standards.  This is the first instance of a third-party verification of a tidal energy converter to an international standard.<ref>{{cite web|title=Turbines Off NYC East River Will Create Enough Energy to Power 9,500 Homes|url=http://energy.gov/articles/turbines-nyc-east-river-will-create-enough-energy-power-9500-homes|publisher=U.S. Department of Energy|access-date=13 February 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211073710/http://energy.gov/articles/turbines-nyc-east-river-will-create-enough-energy-power-9500-homes|archive-date=11 February 2012}}</ref>
* The largest tidal energy project entitled [[MeyGen]] (398&nbsp;MW) is currently in construction in the [[Pentland Firth]] in northern Scotland with 6 MW operational since 2018.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ft.com/content/d197308a-7826-11e6-97ae-647294649b28 |title=Scotland unveils world's largest tidal stream power project |newspaper=Financial Times |date=12 September 2016 |access-date=2016-12-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202040709/https://www.ft.com/content/d197308a-7826-11e6-97ae-647294649b28 |archive-date=2016-12-02 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=MeyGen |url=http://saerenewables.com/tidal-stream/meygen/ |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=SAE Renewables |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* Construction of a 320&nbsp;MW tidal lagoon power plant outside the city of [[Swansea]] in the UK was granted planning permission in June 2015, however it was later rejected by the UK government in 2018. If built it would have been the world's first tidal power plant based on a constructed lagoon.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-south-west-wales-44589083|title=£1.3bn Swansea Bay tidal lagoon project thrown out|date=25 June 2018|work=BBC News website|access-date=27 May 2022}}</ref>
* Mersey Tidal Power, a proposed tidal range barrage within the channel of the [[Mersey Estuary]] with a capacity of up to 1&nbsp;GW is undergoing local consultation by the [[Liverpool City Region Combined Authority]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-25 |title=Mersey Tidal - Liverpool City Region Combined Authority - Citizen Space |url=https://lcrlistens.liverpoolcityregion-ca.gov.uk/merseytidal/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240925102134/https://lcrlistens.liverpoolcityregion-ca.gov.uk/merseytidal/ |archive-date=2024-09-25 |access-date=2024-09-25 |website=Liverpool City Region Combined Authority}}</ref>
* Up to 240&nbsp;MW of tidal stream generation is proposed at [[Morlais]], [[Anglesey]] from multiple developers, with the first turbines expected to be installed in 2026. {{As of|2024|}}, a total of 38&nbsp;MW of capacity has been awarded [[Contracts for Difference (UK electricity market support)|Contracts for Difference]] to supply power to the GB grid.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maksumic |first=Zerina |date=2024-09-05 |title=Industry welcomes boost to tidal stream projects following latest UK renewables auction results |url=https://www.offshore-energy.biz/industry-welcomes-boost-to-tidal-stream-projects-following-latest-uk-renewables-auction-results/ |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=Offshore Energy |language=en-US}}</ref>