Editing Tigrinya language (section)

=== Innovations ===
Tigrinya grammar is unique within the [[Ethiopian Semitic]] language family in several ways:
* For second-person pronouns, there is a separate vocative form, used to get a person's attention: {{lang|gez|ንስኻ}} ''nǝssǝḵa'' 'you (m.sg.)', {{lang|gez|ኣታ}} ''{{hamza}}atta'' 'you! (m.sg.)'.
* There is a definite article, related (as in English) to the demonstrative adjective meaning 'that': {{lang|gez|እታ ጓል}} ''{{hamza}}ǝta gʷal'' 'the girl'.
* The gerundive form is used for past tense, as well as for the linking function as in Ge'ez and Amharic: {{lang|gez|ተዛሪቡ}} ''täzaribu'' '(he) speaking, he spoke'.
* Yes–no questions are marked by the particle {{lang|gez|ዶ}} ''do'' following the questioned word or the verb, if there is none: {{lang|gez|ሓፍተይዶ ርኢኺ}} ''ḥaftäydo rǝ{{hamza}}iḵi'' 'did you (f.sg.) see my sister?'.
* The negative circumfix ''{{hamza}}ay- -n'' may mark nouns, pronouns, and adjectives as well as verbs: {{lang|gez|ኣይኣነን}} ''{{hamza}}ay-{{hamza}}anä-n'' 'not me', {{lang|gez|ኣይዓብይን}} ''{{hamza}}ay{{ayin}}abǝy-ǝn'' 'not big'
* Tigrinya has an unusually complex [[tense–aspect–mood]] system, with many nuances achieved using combinations of the three basic aspectual forms (perfect, imperfect, gerundive) and various auxiliary verbs including the copula ({{lang|gez|እዩ}} ''{{hamza}}ǝyyu'', etc.), the verb of existence ({{lang|gez|ኣሎ}} ''{{hamza}}allo'', etc.), and the verbs {{lang|gez|ነበረ}} ''näbärä'' 'exist, live', {{lang|gez|ኮነ}} ''konä'' 'become', {{lang|gez|ጸንሔ}} ''s'änḥe'' 'stay'.
* Tigrinya has compound prepositions corresponding to the preposition–postposition compounds found in Amharic: {{lang|gez|ኣብ ልዕሊ ዓራት}} '''''{{hamza}}ab lǝ{{ayin}}li''' {{ayin}}arat'' 'on (top of) the bed', {{lang|gez|ኣብ ትሕቲ ዓራት}} '''''{{hamza}}ab tǝḥti''' {{ayin}}arat'' 'under the bed'
* Unlike most Ethiopian Semitic languages, Tigrinya has only one set of [[applicative voice|applicative]] suffixes, used both for the [[dative case|dative]] and [[benefactive case|benefactive]] and for [[locative case|locative]] and adversative senses: {{lang|gez|ተቐሚጣሉ}} ''täq̱ämmiṭa-'''llu''''' 'she sat down '''for him'''' or 'she sat down '''on it'''' or 'she sat down '''to his detriment''''.