Editing Transmigration program (section)

===Papua===
In the provinces of Papua and West Papua, the program has resulted in the [[Indigenous people of New Guinea|Papuan population of Melanesian origin]] totalling less than the population of non-Melanesian (principally Austronesian) origin in several locations. According to Papuan independence activists, the Papuans have lived on the New Guinea island for an estimated 50,000 years,<ref>Saltford, J; The United Nations and the Indonesian Takeover of West Papua, 1962-1969, Routledge Curzon, p.3, p.150</ref> but have been outnumbered in less than 50 years by mostly Javanese Indonesians.<ref>[https://www.academia.edu/1196557/Transmigration_in_Indonesia_Lessons_from_its_environmental_and_social_impacts Transmigration in Indonesia: Lessons from Its Environmental and Social Impacts], Philip M Fearnside, Department of Ecology, National Institute for Research in the Amazon, 1997, Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Accessed online 17 November 2014</ref> They criticize the program as part of "an attempt to wipe out the West Papuans in a slow-motion genocide".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sydney.edu.au/arts/peace_conflict/docs/working_papers/West_Papuan_Demographics_in_2010_Census.pdf|title = Department of Peace and Conflict Studies}}</ref> There is [[Papua conflict|open conflict]] between migrants, the state, and indigenous groups due to differences in culture—particularly in administration, and cultural topics such as nudity, food and sex. Religion is also a problem as Papuans are predominantly Christian or hold traditional tribal beliefs while the non-Papuan settlers are mostly Muslim. A number of Indonesians have taken Papuan children and sent them to Islamic religious schools.<ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/theyre-taking-our-children-20130503-2inhf.html They're taking our children: West Papua's youth are being removed to Islamic religious schools in Java for "re-education"], [[Michael Bachelard]], Sydney Morning Herald, 4 May 2013, accessed 17 November 2014</ref>

The recorded population growth rates in Papua are exceptionally high due to migration.

Detractors of the program argue that considerable resources have been wasted in settling people who have not been able to move beyond subsistence level, with extensive damage to the environment and deracination of tribal people.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Centre |first=Documentation |date=2024-12-06 |title=Possible reenactment of transmigration program triggers West Papua-wide protests – Police crackdown on protesters in Jayapura and Nabire - |url=https://humanrightsmonitor.org/news/possible-reenactment-of-transmigration-program-triggers-west-papua-wide-protests-police-crackdown-on-protesters-in-jayapura-and-nabire/ |access-date=2025-03-02 |language=en-GB}}</ref> However, very large scale American and Anglo-Australian strip mining contracts have been developed on the island, as well as other Indonesian islands.

The transmigration program in Papua was only formally halted by President [[Joko Widodo]] in June 2015.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Asril |first1=Sabrina |year=2015 |title=Jokowi Hentikan Transmigrasi ke Papua |url=http://nasional.kompas.com/read/2015/06/04/18471741/Jokowi.Hentikan.Transmigrasi.ke.Papua |website=Kompas.com |access-date=17 December 2020}}</ref>