Editing Transport in the Netherlands (section)

==Pipelines==
{{Expand section| date=July 2017}}
[[Pipeline transport]]:
* [[Crude oil]]: 418&nbsp;km
* [[Petroleum products]]: 965&nbsp;km

The distribution network for [[natural gas]] is the most dense in Europe and of very high quality, with a total length of 12,200 kilometres of transmission pipelines and 136,400 kilometres of distribution pipelines.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.hollandtradeandinvest.com/key-sectors/energy/facts-and-figures| title = Quick facts and figures about the Dutch energy industry – Holland Trade and Invest}}</ref> A technical investigation has concluded that the existing Dutch high-pressure gas infrastructure could feasibly be converted for transport of hydrogen in the future.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://d1rkab7tlqy5f1.cloudfront.net/Websections/Energy_Initiative/Technical%20Report%20Hydrogen%20-%20the%20key%20to%20the%20energy%20transition.pdf| title = Hydrogen – the key to the energy transition – Delft University of Technology}}</ref>

The Netherlands has a well-developed pipeline network essential for transporting [[natural gas]], oil, chemicals, and CO<sub>2</sub>.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Riemersma |first=Ben |last2=Correljé |first2=Aad F. |last3=Künneke |first3=Rolf W. |date=2020-01-01 |title=Historical developments in Dutch gas systems: Unravelling safety concerns in gas provision |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753519302164 |journal=Safety Science |volume=121 |pages=147–157 |doi=10.1016/j.ssci.2019.08.040 |issn=0925-7535|doi-access=free }}</ref> Natural gas transmission network is managed by Gasunie Transport Services (GTS), it connects gas producers, storage facilities, and major consumers across the country.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-01 |title=Gasunie Transport Services |url=https://www.gasunietransportservices.nl/en/ |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=Gasunie Transport Services |language=en}}</ref> The network is divided into two main systems, catering to different types of gas. The low-calorific gas system primarily supplies households, while the high-calorific gas system serves industries and power plants.

Oil pipelines transport crude oil from the Port of Rotterdam to refineries in the Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Defensie |first=Ministerie van |date=2022-04-04 |title=Pipeline network - Defence pipelines - Defensie.nl |url=https://english.defensie.nl/topics/defence-pipelines/pipeline-network |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=english.defensie.nl |language=en-GB}}</ref> Pernis Chemical Complex is interconnected by pipelines transporting various chemical feedstocks and products between different industrial facilities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shell starts new aromatics unit at Pernis refinery in the Netherlands {{!}} Shell Global |url=https://www.shell.com/business-customers/chemicals/media-releases/2016-media-releases/shell-starts-new-aromatics-unit.html |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=www.shell.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> In addition, Organic CO<sub>2</sub> for Assimilation by Plants (OCAP) is a notable CO<sub>2</sub> transport system that supplies purified CO<sub>2</sub> from industrial sources to greenhouses in the Westland area for enhancing plant growth.<ref>{{Cite web |title=OCAP harnesses technology and data to reuse CO2 |url=https://www.capgemini.com/news/client-stories/ocap-harnesses-technology-and-data-to-reuse-co2/ |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=Capgemini |language=en-US}}</ref>