Editing Ultra (cryptography) (section)

===Lucy===
It is alleged that Ultra information was used by the [[Lucy spy ring|"Lucy" spy ring]],<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-08-09-bk-198-story.html | title=Operation 'Citadel'—Kursk and Orel: The Greatest Tank Battle of the Second World War by Janusz Piekalkiewicz; translated by Michaela Nierhaus; (Presidio: $25; 288 pp., illustrated) |type=book review | first=Janusz |last=Piekalkiewicz | date=9 August 1987 | newspaper=Los Angeles Times| access-date=8 June 2016}}</ref> headquartered in [[Switzerland]] and apparently operated by one man, [[Rudolf Roessler]]. This was an extremely well informed, responsive ring that was able to get information "directly from German General Staff Headquarters"{{snd}}often on specific request. It has been alleged that "Lucy" was in major part a conduit for the British to feed Ultra intelligence to the Soviets in a way that made it appear to have come from highly placed espionage rather than from [[cryptanalysis]] of German radio traffic. The Soviets, however, through an agent at Bletchley, [[John Cairncross]], knew that Britain had broken Enigma. The "Lucy" ring was initially treated with suspicion by the Soviets. The information it provided was accurate and timely, however, and Soviet agents in Switzerland (including their chief, [[Alexander Radó]]) eventually learned to take it seriously.{{sfn|Crowdy|2011|pp=307–309}} However, the theory that the Lucy ring was a cover for Britain to pass Enigma intelligence to the Soviets has not gained traction. Among others who have rejected the theory, [[Harry Hinsley]], the official historian for the British Secret Services in World War II, stated that "there is no truth in the much-publicized claim that the British authorities made use of the ‘Lucy’ ring&nbsp;... to forward intelligence to Moscow".{{sfn|Tarrant|1995|p=170}}