Editing Vatican City (section)

=== Gardens ===
{{Main|Gardens of Vatican City}}

Within the territory of the Vatican City are the [[Gardens of Vatican City|Vatican Gardens]] ({{langx|it|Giardini Vaticani|links=no}}),<ref name="VaticanMap">{{Cite web |title=Map of Vatican City |url=https://www.saintpetersbasilica.org/vaticancity-map.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104104919/http://www.saintpetersbasilica.org/vaticancity-map.htm |archive-date=4 November 2021 |access-date=11 October 2009 |publisher=saintpetersbasilica.org}}</ref> which account for about half of the Vatican territory. The gardens, established during the [[Renaissance]] and [[Baroque]] era, are decorated with fountains and sculptures.

The gardens cover approximately {{convert|23|ha|0}}. The highest point is {{convert|60|m|0}} [[above mean sea level]]. Stone walls bound the area in the north, south, and west.

The gardens date back to medieval times when orchards and vineyards extended to the north of the Papal [[Apostolic Palace]].<ref name="Pellegrino">{{Cite web |title=Al Pellegrino Cattolico: ''The Vatican Gardens'' |url=https://www.pellegrinocattolico.com/ctv/gardens.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413133503/https://www.pellegrinocattolico.com/ctv/gardens.htm |archive-date=13 April 2008 |access-date=21 November 2008 |publisher=2008 Al Pellegrino Cattolico s.r.l. Via di Porta Angelica 81\83 (S.Pietro) I- 00193 Roma, Italy}}</ref> In 1279 [[Pope Nicholas III]] (1277–1280) moved his residence back to the Vatican from the [[Lateran Palace]] and enclosed this area with walls.<ref name="Vatican">{{Cite web |date=2007 |title=Official Vatican City State Website: ''A Visit to the Vatican Gardens'' |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/EN/Monuments/The_Vatican_Gardens/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081108134258/https://www.vaticanstate.va/EN/Monuments/The_Vatican_Gardens/ |archive-date=8 November 2008 |access-date=21 November 2008 |publisher=Uffici di Presidenza S.C.V.}}</ref> He planted an orchard (''pomerium''), a lawn (''pratellum''), and a garden (''viridarium'').<ref name="Vatican" />

{{Panorama
| image = Vatican panorama from St. Peters Basilica.jpg
| height = 240
| alt = A panorama of gardens and several buildings viewed from St. Peter's Basilica
| caption = {{center|A panorama of the gardens viewed from St. Peter's Basilica}}
}}