Editing Vervet monkey (section)

=== Spite ===

[[Spite (sentiment)|Spite]]ful actions are extremely rare in the animal kingdom. Often, an indirect benefit is gained by the individual acting 'spitefully', or by a close relative of that individual. Vervet monkeys have been observed to destroy a competitor's food source rather than consume or steal it themselves. While energy is being lost on destroying the food, an advantage is obtained by the individual due to an increase in competitive gain. This would be pertinent for a male that could be displaced within his group by [[immigrating]] males.<ref name="spite">{{cite journal| last = Horrocks| first = J.|author2=Hunte, W. | title ='Spite'; a constraint on optimal foraging in the vervet monkey ''Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus'' in Barbados| journal = [[American Zoology]]| volume =21| page =939| date =1981}}</ref>