Editing Windows 2000 (section)

=== System utilities ===
[[File:Win2kDefrag.png|thumb|right|Windows 2000's Computer Management console can perform many system tasks. This image shows a [[disk defragmentation]] in progress.]]

Windows 2000 introduced the [[Microsoft Management Console]] (MMC), which is used to create, save, and open administrative tools.<ref name="MMC" /> Each of these is called a ''console'', and most allow an administrator to administer other Windows 2000 computers from one centralised computer. Each console can contain one or many specific administrative tools, called ''snap-ins''.<ref name="MMC" /> These can be either standalone (with one function), or an extension (adding functions to an existing snap-in). In order to provide the ability to control what snap-ins can be seen in a console, the MMC allows consoles to be created in ''author mode'' or ''user mode''.<ref name="MMC" /> Author mode allows snap-ins to be added, new windows to be created, all portions of the console tree to be displayed and consoles to be saved. User mode allows consoles to be distributed with restrictions applied. User mode consoles can grant full access to the user for any change, or they can grant limited access, preventing users from adding snapins to the console though they can view multiple windows in a console. Alternatively users can be granted limited access, preventing them from adding to the console and stopping them from viewing multiple windows in a single console.<ref>''Microsoft Press'' (2000). ''MCSE 70–210, Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional'', pages 58–63.</ref>

The main tools that come with Windows 2000 can be found in the ''Computer Management'' console (in Administrative Tools in the Control Panel).<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 9, 2009 |title=Managing Microsoft Windows 2000 Workstations and Servers |url=https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb726960.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127103358/http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb726960.aspx |archive-date=November 27, 2011 |access-date=November 13, 2011 |website=Technet.microsoft.com}}</ref> This contains the [[Event Viewer]]—a means of viewing system or application-related events and the Windows equivalent of a [[Computer data logging|log file]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 9, 2009 |title=Event Logging and Viewing |url=https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb726966.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127030114/http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb726966.aspx |archive-date=November 27, 2011 |access-date=November 13, 2011 |website=Technet.microsoft.com}}</ref> a system information utility, [[NTBackup|a backup utility]], [[Task Scheduler]] and management consoles to view open shared folders and shared folder sessions, configure and manage [[COM+]] applications, configure [[Group Policy]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 9, 2009 |title=Step-by-Step Guide to Understanding the Group Policy Feature Set |url=https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb742376.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120150551/http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb742376.aspx |archive-date=November 20, 2011 |access-date=November 13, 2011 |website=Technet.microsoft.com}}</ref> manage all the local users and user groups, and a [[Device Manager|device manager]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 7, 2007 |title=Description of Device Manager in Windows 2000 and Windows XP |url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/314747 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023002413/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/314747 |archive-date=October 23, 2011 |access-date=November 13, 2011 |website=Support.microsoft.com}}</ref> It contains ''[[Logical Disk Manager|Disk Management]]'' and ''Removable Storage'' snap-ins,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Windows 2000: Removable Storage and Backup |url=http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windows2000pro/reskit/part3/proch18.mspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080417192005/http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windows2000pro/reskit/part3/proch18.mspx |archive-date=April 17, 2008 |access-date=November 13, 2011 |website=Microsoft.com |df=mdy-all}}</ref> a [[Disk Defragmenter (Windows)|disk defragmenter]] as well as a performance diagnostic console, which displays graphs of system performance and configures data logs and alerts. It also contains a [[Windows service|service]] configuration console, which allows users to view all installed services and to stop and start them, as well as configure what those services should do when the computer starts. [[CHKDSK]] has significant performance improvements.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Windows 2000 Chkdsk Management |url=http://www.microsoft.com/windows/shared/community/docs/Windows%202000%20CHKDSK%20Management.doc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104104745/http://www.microsoft.com/windows/shared/community/docs/Windows%202000%20CHKDSK%20Management.doc |archive-date=November 4, 2012 |access-date=November 13, 2011 |website=[[Microsoft]]}}</ref>

Windows 2000 comes with two utilities to edit the [[Windows registry]], ''REGEDIT.EXE'' and ''REGEDT32.EXE''.<ref name="Regedit">{{Cite web |date=January 19, 2007 |title=Differences between Regedit.exe and Regedt32.exe |url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/141377 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120054653/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/141377 |archive-date=November 20, 2011 |access-date=November 13, 2011 |website=Support.microsoft.com}}</ref> REGEDIT has been directly ported from [[Windows 98]], and therefore does not support editing registry permissions.<ref name="Regedit" /> REGEDT32 has the older multiple document interface (MDI) and can edit registry permissions in the same manner that Windows NT's REGEDT32 program could. REGEDIT has a left-side [[tree view]] of the [[Windows registry]], lists all loaded [[Registry hive|hives]] and represents the three components of a value (its name, type, and data) as separate columns of a table. REGEDT32 has a left-side tree view, but each hive has its own window, so the tree displays only keys and it represents values as a list of strings. REGEDIT supports right-clicking of entries in a tree view to adjust properties and other settings. REGEDT32 requires all actions to be performed from the top [[menu bar]]. [[Windows XP]] is the first system to integrate these two programs into a single utility, adopting the REGEDIT behavior with the additional NT features.<ref name="Regedit" />

The [[System File Checker]] (SFC) also comes with Windows 2000. It is a [[command line]] utility that scans system files and verifies whether they were signed by Microsoft and works in conjunction with the [[Windows File Protection]] mechanism. It can also repopulate and repair all the files in the ''Dllcache'' folder.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Microsoft KB article 222471: Description of the Windows 2000 System File Checker (Sfc.exe) |url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/222471 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901085614/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/222471 |archive-date=September 1, 2006 |access-date=September 17, 2006}}</ref>