Editing Biometrics (section)

===Privacy and discrimination===
{{further|privacy|right to privacy|medical privacy}}
It is possible that data obtained during biometric enrollment may be used in ways for which the enrolled individual has not consented. For example, most biometric features could disclose physiological and/or pathological medical conditions (e.g., some fingerprint patterns are related to chromosomal diseases, iris patterns could reveal sex, hand vein patterns could reveal vascular diseases, most behavioral biometrics could reveal neurological diseases, etc.).<ref>Mordini E, Ashton H,(2012), "The Transparent Body – Medical Information, Physical Privacy and Respect for Body Integrity", in Mordini E, Tzovaras D (eds), ''Second Generation Biometrics: the Ethical and Social Context''. Springer-Verlag: Berlin</ref> Moreover, second generation biometrics, notably behavioral and electro-physiologic biometrics (e.g., based on [[electrocardiography]], [[electroencephalography]], [[electromyography]]), could be also used for [[emotion detection]].<ref>Mordini E, Tzovaras D,(2012), ''Second Generation Biometrics: the Ethical and Social Context''. Springer-Verlag: Berlin</ref>

There are three categories of privacy concerns:<ref>{{cite book
 | title=Security in Computing
 | last1=Pfleeger
 | first1=Charles
 | last2=Pfleeger
 | first2=Shari
 | publisher=Pearson Education
 | year=2007
 | location=Boston
 | page=220
 | edition=4th
 | isbn=978-0-13-239077-4
}}</ref>
# Unintended functional scope: The authentication goes further than authentication, such as finding a tumor.
# Unintended application scope: The authentication process correctly identifies the subject when the subject did not wish to be identified.
# Covert identification: The subject is identified without seeking identification or authentication, i.e. a subject's face is identified in a crowd.