Editing Cell growth (section)

== Disorders ==
A series of growth disorders can occur at the cellular level and these consequently underpin much of the subsequent course in [[cancer]], in which a group of cells display uncontrolled growth and division beyond the normal limits, ''invasion'' (intrusion on and destruction of adjacent tissues), and sometimes ''[[metastasis]]'' (spread to other locations in the body via lymph or blood). Several key determinants of cell growth, like [[ploidy]] and the regulation of cellular [[metabolism]], are commonly disrupted in [[tumors]].<ref name=Schmoller2015>{{cite journal |last1=Schmoller |first1=Kurt M. |last2=Skotheim |first2=Jan M.|title=The Biosynthetic Basis of Cell Size Control |journal=Trends Cell Biol.|date=December 2015 |volume=25 |issue=12 |pages=793–802|doi=10.1016/j.tcb.2015.10.006|pmid=26573465|pmc=6773270 }}</ref> Therefore, heterogenous cell growth and [[pleomorphism (cytology)|pleomorphism]] is one of the earliest hallmarks of [[cancer]] progression.<ref name=Travis2015>{{cite book|last1=Travis|first1=W.D.|last2=Brambilla|first2=B.|last3=Burke|first3=A.P|last4=Marx |first4=A.|last5=Nicholson|first5=A.G.|title=WHO Classification of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart|url=https://apps.who.int/bookorders/anglais/detart1.jsp?codlan=1&codcol=70&codcch=4007|location= Lyon|publisher=International Agency for Research on Cancer|isbn=978-92-832-2436-5|year=2015}}</ref><ref name=El-Naggar2017>{{cite book|last1=El-Naggar|first1=A.K.|last2=Chan|first2=J.C.K.|last3=Grandis|first3=J.R.|last4=Takata|first4=T.|last5=Slootweg|first5=P.J.|title=WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumours|url=http://publications.iarc.fr/Book-And-Report-Series/Who-Iarc-Classification-Of-Tumours/Who-Classification-Of-Head-And-Neck-Tumours-2017|location=Lyon|publisher=International Agency for Research on Cancer (also known as Adman)|isbn=978-92-832-2438-9|date=2017-01-23|access-date=2019-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031140552/http://publications.iarc.fr/Book-And-Report-Series/Who-Iarc-Classification-Of-Tumours/Who-Classification-Of-Head-And-Neck-Tumours-2017|archive-date=2019-10-31|url-status=dead}}</ref> Despite the prevalence of pleomorphism in human pathology, its role in disease progression is unclear. In [[epithelial]] tissues, misregulation of cellular size can induce packing defects and disperse aberrant cells.<ref name=Ramanathan2019>{{cite journal |last1=Ramanathan |first1=Subramanian P. |last2=Krajnc |first2=Matej |last3=Gibson |first3=Matthew C. |title=Cell-Size Pleomorphism Drives Aberrant Clone Dispersal in Proliferating Epithelia |journal=Developmental Cell |date=October 2019 |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=49–61.e4 |doi=10.1016/j.devcel.2019.08.005 |pmid=31495693 |pmc=6903429 }}</ref> But the consequence of atypical cell growth in other animal tissues is unknown.