Editing Direct Rendering Manager (section)

== Hardware support ==
{{Main article|Free and open-source graphics device driver}}
[[File:Linux AMD graphics stack.svg|thumb|DRM is to be used by user-mode graphics devices driver, like e.g. [[AMD Catalyst]] or [[Mesa 3D]]. User-space programs use the [[Linux API|Linux System Call Interface]] to access DRM. DRM augments the Linux System Call Interface with own system calls.{{r|Deucher amdgpu}}]]

The Linux DRM subsystem includes [[Free and open-source software|free and open-source]] drivers to support hardware from the 3 main manufacturers of GPUs for desktop computers (AMD, NVIDIA and Intel), as well as from a growing number of mobile GPU and [[System on a chip]] (SoC) integrators. The quality of each driver varies highly, depending on the degree of cooperation by the manufacturer and other matters.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|+ DRM drivers
|-
! Driver
! Since kernel
! Supported hardware
! Vendor support
! Status/Notes
|-
| radeon
| 2.4.1
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Advanced Micro Devices|AMD]] (formerly ATi) [[Radeon]] GPU series with the architectures [[TeraScale (microarchitecture)|TeraScale]] and [[Graphics Core Next#first|GCN 1st]] & [[Graphics Core Next#second|2nd gen]]. Including models from [[Radeon R100 series|R100]]/[[Radeon R200 series|200]]/[[Radeon R300 series|300]]/[[Radeon R400 series|400]], [[Radeon X1000 series|Radeon X1000]], [[Radeon HD 2000 series|HD 2000]]/[[Radeon HD 4000 series|4000]]/[[Radeon HD 5000 series|5000]]/[[Radeon HD 6000 series|6000]]/[[Radeon HD 7000 series|7000]]/[[Radeon HD 8000 series|8000]], R5/R7/R9 [[AMD Radeon Rx 200 series|200]]/[[AMD Radeon Rx 300 series|300]] series and [[AMD Accelerated Processing Unit#Steamroller architecture .282014.29: Kaveri|Kaveri]] APUs.
| {{yes}}
| {{active}}
|-
| i915
| 2.6.9
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Intel GMA]] 830M, 845G, 852GM, 855GM, 865G, 915G, 945G, 965G, G35, G41, G43, G45 chipsets. [[Intel HD and Iris Graphics]] HD Graphics 2000/3000/2500/4000/4200/4400/4600/P4600/P4700/5000, Iris Graphics 5100, Iris Pro Graphics 5200 integrated GPUs.
| {{yes}}
| {{active}}
|-
| [[Nouveau (software)|nouveau]]
| 2.6.33{{r|Kernelnewbies nouveau}}{{r|nouveau merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[NVIDIA]] [[Tesla (microarchitecture)|Tesla]], [[Fermi (microarchitecture)|Fermi]], [[Kepler (microarchitecture)|Kepler]], [[Maxwell (microarchitecture)|Maxwell]] based [[GeForce]] GPUs, [[Tegra K1]], [[Tegra X1|X1]] SoC
| {{partial}}
| {{active}}
|-
| exynos
| 3.2{{r|exynos merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Samsung Electronics|Samsung]] ARM-based Exynos SoCs
|
|
|-
| vmwgfx
| 3.2 (from staging){{r|vmwgfx merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| Virtual GPU for the [[VMware Workstation|VMware]] SVGA2
|
| virtual driver
|-
| gma500
| 3.3 (from staging){{r|Kernelnewbies gma500}}{{r|Larabel linux 3.3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| Intel [[GMA 500]] and other [[Imagination Technologies]] ([[PowerVR]]) based graphics GPUs
|
| experimental 2D KMS-only driver
|-
| ast
| 3.5{{r|ast merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| ASpeed Technologies 2000 series
|
| experimental
|-
| mgag200
| 3.5<ref>{{cite web |title=mgag200: initial g200se driver (v2) |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=414c453106255b11df77ed6b08eedb6d2369c338 |first=Dave |last=Airlie |date=17 May 2012 |access-date=24 January 2018}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Matrox]] MGA-G200 server display engines
|
| KMS-only
|-
| shmobile
| 3.7{{r|shmobile merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Renesas Electronics|Renesas]] SH Mobile
|
|
|-
| tegra
| 3.8{{r|tegra merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Nvidia]] [[Tegra]]20, Tegra30 SoCs
| {{yes}}
| {{active}}
|-
| omapdrm
| 3.9{{r|omapdrm merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Texas Instruments]] [[OMAP]]5 SoCs
|
|
|-
| rcar-du
| 3.11{{r|rcar merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Renesas Electronics|Renesas]] R-Car SoC Display Units
|
|
|-
| msm
| 3.12{{r|msm merge}}{{r|Larabel msm}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Qualcomm]]'s [[Adreno]] A2xx/A3xx/A4xx GPU families ([[Qualcomm Snapdragon|Snapdragon]] SOCs){{r|Edge freedreno}}
|
|
|-
| armada
| 3.13{{r|Russell armada}}{{r|armada merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Marvell Technology Group|Marvell]] Armada 510 SoCs
|
|
|-
| bochs
| 3.14{{r|bochs merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| Virtual [[VGA]] cards using the [[Bochs]] dispi vga interface (such as [[QEMU]] stdvga)
|
| virtual driver
|-
| sti
| 3.17{{r|Larabel sti}}{{r|Corbet linux 3.17}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[STMicroelectronics]] SoC stiH41x series
|
|
|-
| imx
| 3.19 (from staging){{r|Corbet linux 3.19}}{{r|imx merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Freescale]] [[i.MX]] SoCs
|
|
|-
| rockchip
| 3.19{{r|Corbet linux 3.19}}{{r|rockchip merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Rockchip]] SoC-based GPUs
|
| KMS-only
|-
| amdgpu{{r|Deucher amdgpu}}
| 4.2{{r|Larabel linux 4.2}}{{r|Corbet linux 4.2}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Advanced Micro Devices|AMD]] [[Radeon]] GPU series with the architectures [[Graphics Core Next#third|GCN 3rd]] & [[Graphics Core Next#fourth|4th gen]]. Including models from Radeon [[AMD Radeon Rx 200 series|Rx 200]]/[[AMD Radeon Rx 300 series|300]]/[[AMD Radeon 400 series|400]]/[[AMD Radeon 500 series|500]]{{r|Deucher amdgpu fiji}} series and [[AMD Accelerated Processing Unit#Puma.2B architecture .282015.29: Carrizo-L .28laptop and mobile processors.29|Carrizo]] and [[AMD Accelerated Processing Unit#Excavator architecture .282016.29: Bristol Ridge and Stoney Ridge|Bristol & Stoney Ridge]] APUs.
| {{yes}}
| {{active}}
|-
| virtio
| 4.2{{r|virtio merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| Virtual GPU driver for [[QEMU]] based virtual machine managers (like [[Kernel-based Virtual Machine|KVM]] or [[Xen]])
|
| virtual driver
|-
| vc4
| 4.4{{r|Corbet linux 4.4}}{{r|Larabel linux 4.4}}{{r|vc4 merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Raspberry Pi]]'s [[Broadcom]] BCM2835 and BCM2836 SoCs ([[VideoCore]] IV GPU)
|
|
|-
| etnaviv
| 4.5{{r|Kernelnewbies etnaviv}}{{r|Larabel linux 4.5}}{{r|Corbet linux 4.5}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Vivante]] GPU cores found in several SoCs such as [[Marvell Technology Group|Marvell]] ARMADA and Freescale [[I.MX#i.MX6x series|i.MX6 Series]]
|
|
|-
| sun4i
| 4.7{{r|sun4i merge}}{{r|Airlie linux 4.7}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Allwinner]] SoCs (ARM [[Mali (GPU)|Mali-400]] GPU)
|
|
|-
| kirin
| 4.7{{r|hisilicon merge}}{{r|Airlie linux 4.7}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[HiSilicon]] Kirin hi6220 SoC (ARM [[Mali (GPU)|Mali 450-MP4]] GPU)
|
|
|-
| mediatek
| 4.7{{r|mediatek merge}}{{r|Airlie linux 4.7}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[MediaTek]] MT8173 SoC (Imagination [[PowerVR]] GX6250 GPU)
|
|
|-
| hibmc
| 4.10<ref>{{cite web|title=Hisilicon Hibmc DRM Driver Being Added For Linux 4.10 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Hisilicon-Hibmc-DRM-Linux-4.10 |first=Michael |last=Larabel |work=[[Phoronix]] |date=22 November 2016 |access-date=24 January 2018}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;"| HiSilicon hi1710 [[Huawei]] [[Baseboard management controller|iBMC]] SoC ([[Silicon Image]] SM750 GPU core<ref>{{cite web |title=Huawei FusionServer RH5885 V3 Technical White Paper |url=http://e-file.huawei.com/en/material/MaterialDownload?materialid=77d7cd3156c646abbcbaaa20cd4f0358 |quote=uses an onboard display chip that is integrated into the management chip Hi1710 and uses the IP core of the SM750 |date=18 November 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180125015931/http://e-file.huawei.com/en/material/MaterialDownload?materialid=77d7cd3156c646abbcbaaa20cd4f0358|archive-date = 2018-01-25}}</ref>)
|
| KMS-only
|-
| vkms
| 4.19<ref name="vkms merge">{{Cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=1c7c5fd916a0ff66501467f1e8e79d3ff8eca112|title=drm/vkms: Introduce basic VKMS driver|website=git.kernel.org|access-date=2022-07-20}}</ref><ref name="phoronix-2018-08-15">{{cite web|title=Virtual Kernel Mode-Setting Driver Being Added To Linux 4.19 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Virtual-KMS-VKMS-Linux-4.19 |first=Michael |last=Larabel |work=[[Phoronix]] |date=15 August 2018 |access-date=20 July 2022}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;"| Software-only model of a KMS driver that is useful for testing and for running [[X Window System|X]] (or similar) on [[headless machine]]s.
| 
| virtual driver, experimental
|-
| lima
| 5.2<ref name="lima merge">{{Cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/drivers/gpu/drm/lima?id=a1d2a6339961efc078208dc3b2f006e9e9a8e119|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=git.kernel.org|access-date=2019-11-28}}</ref><ref name="phoronix-2019-05-09" />
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Mali (GPU)|ARM Mali]] 4xx GPUs
|
|
|-
| panfrost
| 5.2<ref name="panfrost merge">{{Cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/drivers/gpu/drm/panfrost?id=f3ba91228e8e917e5bd6c4b72bfe846933d17370|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=git.kernel.org|access-date=2019-11-28}}</ref><ref name="phoronix-2019-05-09" />
| style="text-align:left;"| ARM Mali Txxx (Midgard) and Gxx (Bifrost) GPUs
|
|
|-
| vboxvideo
| 5.2 (from staging)<ref name="vboxvideo merge">{{Cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=131abc56e1bacef23cb7b340519d36e2f5adb2a9|title=drm/vboxvideo: Move the vboxvideo driver out of staging|website=git.kernel.org|access-date=2022-07-20}}</ref><ref name="phoronix-2019-05-09">{{cite web|title=Linux 5.2 DRM Makes Icelake Production-Ready, Adds Lima & Panfrost Drivers |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Linux-5.2-DRM-Update |first=Michael |last=Larabel |work=[[Phoronix]] |date=9 May 2019 |access-date=20 July 2022}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;"| Virtual GPU driver for [[VirtualBox]] (VBoxVGA GPU)
| 
| virtual driver
|-
| hyperv_drm
| 5.14<ref name="hyperv-drm merge">{{Cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=76c56a5affeba1e163b66b9d8cc192e6154466f0|title=drm/hyperv: Add DRM driver for hyperv synthetic video device|website=git.kernel.org|access-date=2021-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Microsoft's Hyper-V DRM Display Driver Will Land For Linux 5.14 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Linux-5.14-Hyper-V-Display |first=Michael |last=Larabel |work=[[Phoronix]] |date=9 June 2021 |access-date=30 August 2021}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;"| Virtual GPU driver for [[Hyper-V]] synthetic video device
| 
| virtual driver
|-
| simpledrm
| 5.14<ref name="simpledrm merge">{{Cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=11e8f5fd223bd4d33fa10527bad3fe48469a15df|title=drm: Add simpledrm driver|website=git.kernel.org|access-date=2021-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Linux 5.14 To Bring SimpleDRM Driver, VC4 HDR, Marks More AGP Code As Legacy |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Linux-5.14-Initial-DRM-Misc |first=Michael |last=Larabel |work=[[Phoronix]] |date=13 May 2021 |access-date=30 August 2021}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;"| GPU Driver for firmware-provided framebuffers ([[UEFI GOP]], [[VESA BIOS Extensions]], [[embedded system]]s)
| 
| 
|-
| ofdrm
| 6.2<ref name="ofdrm merge">{{Cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=c8a17756c42581ba1a567d1dd3b69e8f5619a7d8|title=drm/ofdrm: Add ofdrm for Open Firmware framebuffers|website=git.kernel.org|access-date=21 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Open Firmware DRM Driver "OFDRM" Queuing For Linux 6.2 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-6.2-OFDRM |first=Michael |last=Larabel |work=[[Phoronix]] |date=20 October 2022 |access-date=21 February 2023}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;"| GPU Driver for [[Open Firmware]] framebuffers
| 
| 
|-
| loongson
| 6.6<ref name="loongson merge">{{Cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=f39db26c54281da6a785259498ca74b5e470476f|title=drm: Add kms driver for loongson display controller|website=git.kernel.org|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Open-Source Graphics Driver Updates Begin Queuing For Linux 6.6 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-6.6-Initial-DRM-Misc-Next |first=Michael |last=Larabel |work=[[Phoronix]] |date=13 July 2023 |access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;"| GPU Driver for [[Loongson]] GPUs and SoCs
| 
| 
|-
| powervr
| 6.8<ref name="powervr merge">{{Cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=4babef0708656c54e67ee0ee3994ee98898f51d1|title=drm/imagination: Add skeleton PowerVR driver|website=git.kernel.org|access-date=27 May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Imagination PowerVR Open-Source GPU Driver To Be Introduced In Linux 6.8 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Imagination-PVR-Linux-6.8-DRM |first=Michael |last=Larabel |work=[[Phoronix]] |date=23 November 2023 |access-date=27 May 2024}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Imagination Technologies]] [[PowerVR]] ([[PowerVR#Series6 (Rogue)|Series 6]] and later) & IMG Graphics GPUs
|
|
|-
| xe
| 6.8<ref name="xe merge">{{Cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=dd08ebf6c3525a7ea2186e636df064ea47281987|title=drm/xe: Introduce a new DRM driver for Intel GPUs|website=git.kernel.org|access-date=27 May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Intel's New "Xe" Kernel Graphics Driver Submitted Ahead Of Linux 6.8 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Intel-Xe-Submission-Linux-6.8 |first=Michael |last=Larabel |work=[[Phoronix]] |date=15 December 2023 |access-date=27 May 2024}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Intel Xe]] series GPUs ([[Intel Graphics Technology#Xe-LP architecture (Gen12)|Gen12]] integrated GPUs, [[Intel Arc]] discrete GPUs)
| {{yes}}
| experimental
|}

There is also a number of drivers for old, obsolete hardware detailed in the next table for historical purposes. 

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+ Historic DRM drivers
|-
! Driver
! Since kernel
! Supported hardware
! Status/Notes
|-
| gamma
| 2.3.18
| style="text-align:left;"| [[3Dlabs]] GLINT GMX 2000
| Removed since 2.6.14{{r|gamma remove}}
|-
| ffb
| 2.4
| style="text-align:left;"| Creator/Creator3D (used by [[Sun Microsystems]] [[Sun Ultra series|Ultra]] workstations)
| Removed since 2.6.21{{r|ffb remove}}
|-
| tdfx
| 2.4
| style="text-align:left;"| [[3dfx Interactive|3dfx]] Banshee/[[Voodoo3]]+
| Removed since 6.3<ref name="tdfx remove">{{cite web|title=drm: Remove the obsolete driver-tdfx|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=cfc8860eacec5da2ee2880c502b10daf196c6cbb|website=Kernel.org|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref>
|-
| mga
| 2.4
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Matrox]] [[Matrox G200|G200]]/[[Matrox G400|G400]]/G450
| Removed since 6.3<ref name="mga remove">{{cite web|title=drm: Remove the obsolete driver-mga|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=96ed7db55bef1db201aaaef2761416c4e64e1245|website=Kernel.org|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref>
|-
| r128
| 2.4
| style="text-align:left;"| [[ATI Rage 128]]
| Removed since 6.3<ref name="r128 remove">{{cite web|title=drm: Remove the obsolete driver-r128|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=28483b8666bfe7d0ec34cfc492d77e64f97f6de1|website=Kernel.org|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref>
|-
| i810
| 2.4
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Intel i810]]
| Removed since 6.3<ref name="i810 remove">{{cite web|title=drm: Remove the obsolete driver-i810|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=cab18866feade5ffa0cadc5e632528b2050e8e28|website=Kernel.org|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref>
|-
| sis
| 2.4.17
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Silicon Integrated Systems|SiS]] [[SiS 300|300]]/630/540
| Removed since 6.3<ref name="sis remove">{{cite web|title=drm: Remove the obsolete driver-sis|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=20efabc2e80be1df79510b8be9ca004d3ce9be11|website=Kernel.org|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref>
|-
| i830
| 2.4.20
| style="text-align:left;"| Intel 830M/845G/852GM/855GM/865G
| style="width:200px;"|Removed since 2.6.39{{r|i830 remove}} (replaced by i915 driver)
|-
| via
| 2.6.13{{r|unichrome merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[VIA Technologies|VIA]] [[Unichrome]] / Unichrome Pro
| Removed since 6.3<ref name="unichrome remove">{{cite web|title=drm: Remove the obsolete driver-via|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=8391e000065d4fac88548e071fc43c3e07cb7047|website=Kernel.org|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref>
|-
| savage
| 2.6.14{{r|savage merge}}
| style="text-align:left;"| [[S3 Graphics]] [[S3 Savage|Savage]] 3D/MX/IX/4/SuperSavage/Pro/Twister
| Removed since 6.3<ref name="savage remove">{{cite web|title=drm: Remove the obsolete driver-savage|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=7872bc2cb13e4dd83d193d50a835e179f449ab07|website=Kernel.org|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref>
|}