Editing Dole plc (section)

==Food safety==
As Dole products include fruits and vegetables grown in open fields, Dole uses rigorous [[food safety]] procedures under [[Good Agricultural Practices]] for its own farms and those of contract growers.<ref name="lupo">{{cite web |author1=Lisa Lupo |title=Dole fresh vegetables |url=https://www.qualityassurancemag.com/article/qa1013-dole-safety-fresh-vegetables/ |publisher=Quality Assurance and Food Safety |access-date=21 October 2022 |date=10 October 2013}}</ref> In [[California]], Dole is a certified member of the Leafy Greens Marketing Agreement (LGMA), a collaboration of food scientists and safety experts, government, farmers, shippers, and processors.<ref name=lupo/><ref name="lgma">{{cite web |title=Certified members |url=https://lgma.ca.gov/certified-members |publisher=California Leafy Greens Marketing Agreement |access-date=21 October 2022 |date=2022}}</ref> Dole operates a ''SafetyChain system'', which is a cellphone-based process for [[quality assurance]] on the farm (region, grower, and lot number), including immediate reports on non-compliance issues.<ref name=lupo/>

Over decades, Dole has initiated several recalls of its products and shut down manufacturing facilities for cleaning in response to outbreaks of [[foodborne illness]]es, primarily related to bagged salads and leafy greens.

===2000s===
Officials with the [[Minnesota Department of Health]] found [[Escherichia coli O157:H7|''Escherichia coli'' O157:H7]] in Dole bagged lettuce in 2005. The outbreak infected 25 people in [[Minnesota]], [[Wisconsin]], and [[Oregon (state)|Oregon]].<ref name="Produce1">{{cite web |last1=Murphy |first1=Joan |title=Minnesota finds E. coli in lettuce bags |url=http://www.producenews.com/storydetail.cfm?ID=5449 |website=The Produce News |access-date=17 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090208032833/http://www.producenews.com/storydetail.cfm?ID=5449 |archive-date=8 February 2009 |date=17 October 2005}}</ref> The following year, an [[2006 North American E. coli O157:H7 outbreak in spinach|''E. coli'' outbreak]] that infected more than 200 people and killed three was traced back to a [[spinach]] processor in California which packaged spinach under the Dole brand.<ref name="SCS1">{{cite news |last1=Parsons |first1=Larry |title=Inside the CDC's report on the deadly E. coli spinach outbreak |url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/archive/2007/March/24/local/stories/12local.htm |access-date=8 June 2022 |work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]] |date=24 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930203523/http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/archive/2007/March/24/local/stories/12local.htm |archive-date=30 September 2007}}</ref> Dole initiated a [[product recall|recall]] of the tainted spinach.<ref name="WSJ4">{{cite news |title=Listeria Outbreak Linked to Dole Salads From Ohio Facility |last1=Newman |first1=Jesse |last2=Brat |first2=Ilan |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/cdc-links-listeria-outbreak-to-dole-foods-ohio-facility-1453493700 |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=22 January 2016 |accessdate=17 March 2022}}</ref>

According to Dole personnel and the California LGMA, this 2006 ''E. coli'' outbreak led 
to harmonizing new rigorous farm and handling practices across the fresh produce industry to minimize microbial contamination.<ref name=lupo/><ref name=lgma/>

===2010s===

Dole recalled its "Seven Lettuces" salads in 2012 after random testing by [[New York (state)|New York]] health officials found ''[[salmonella]]'' in the salads.<ref name="NPR1">{{cite news |title=Dole Recalls Bagged Salads For Salmonella Risk |url=http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=150691482 |access-date=8 June 2022 |work=[[NPR]] |agency=Associated Press |date=15 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501203905/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=150691482 |archive-date=1 May 2012}}</ref> The same year, the company issued two recalls of its bagged salads due to contamination by ''[[Listeria monocytogenes]]''.<ref name="CBS1">{{cite news |title=Dole Italian Blend salads recalled after positive Listeria test |last1=Jaslow |first1=Ryan |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/dole-italian-blend-salads-recalled-after-positive-listeria-test/ |work=[[CBS News]] |date=24 August 2012 |accessdate=8 June 2022}}</ref> The company initiated another recall due to contamination by ''L. monocytogenes'' in 2014.<ref name="FSN1">{{cite news |title=Publisher's Platform: Will the Justice Department look at Dole's history of recalls and outbreaks? |last1=Marler |first1=Bill |url=https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2016/05/publishers-platform-will-the-justice-department-look-at-doles-history-of-recalls-and-outbreaks/ |work=[[Food Safety News]] |date=2 May 2016 |accessdate=18 March 2022}}</ref> The following year, Dole recalled bagged spinach due to contamination with ''salmonella'' following safety testing conducted by the [[United States Food and Drug Administration]] at a plant in [[Springfield, Ohio|Springfield]], [[Ohio]].<ref name="USA1">{{cite news |title=Salmonella risk: Dole recalls spinach in 13 states |last1=Bacon |first1=John |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2015/10/14/dole-recalls-spinach-13-states-due-salmonella-risk/73919444/ |work=[[USA Today]] |date=14 October 2015 |accessdate=8 June 2022}}</ref>

In 2016, an outbreak of [[listeriosis]] tied to the Springfield plant led to the hospitalization of 33 people and four deaths. The plant closed for four months that year, and later reporting revealed Dole knew about the listeria contamination in July 2014, more than a year before the plant's closure. The [[United States Department of Justice]] initiated a criminal probe into the issue.<ref name="NYT5">{{cite news |title=Dole Knew About Listeria Problem at Salad Plant, F.D.A. Report Says |last1=Strom |first1=Stephanie |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/30/business/dole-knew-about-listeria-problem-fda-report-says.html |work=The New York Times |date=29 April 2016 |accessdate=17 May 2022}}</ref> Dole settled two civil lawsuits related to the outbreak in 2017.<ref name="NewsSun1">{{cite news |title=Dole settles civil suits related to listeria outbreak |last1=Sanctis |first1=Matt |url=https://www.springfieldnewssun.com/news/dole-settles-civil-suits-related-listeria-outbreak/YKUfbJKEGzFWZm6PUL6kUN/ |work=[[Springfield News-Sun]] |date=28 April 2017 |accessdate=8 June 2022}}</ref>

===2020s===
In December 2021, Dole recalled 180 varieties of packaged salad due to possible listeria contamination and closed packaging facilities in [[Yuma, Arizona|Yuma]], [[Arizona]], and [[Bessemer City, North Carolina|Bessemer City]], North Carolina, to sanitize them.<ref name="NPR2">{{cite news |title=Fresh Express and Dole recall hundreds of salad products over listeria concerns |last1=Treisman |first1=Rachel |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/12/23/1067345551/fresh-express-dole-recall-salad-products-listeria-concerns |work=NPR |date=23 December 2021 |accessdate=8 June 2022}}</ref> The outbreak led to an investigation by the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] after two people died and 17 became ill.<ref name="CNN1">{{cite news |title=Two dead from Listeria outbreak linked to Dole packaged salads, CDC says |last1=Sealy |first1=Amanda |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/03/us/listeria-dole-packaged-salads/index.html |work=[[CNN]] |date=3 February 2022 |accessdate=8 June 2022}}</ref>