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Fortis and lenis
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== Bibliography == {{refbegin|2}} *{{cite book |last=Blevins |first=Juliette |year=2004 |title= Evolutionary phonology |publisher=Cambridge University Press |place=Cambridge }} *{{cite book |last=Catford |first=J.C. |year=1977 |title= Fundamental problems in phonetics |place=Bloomington |publisher=Indiana University Press }} *{{citation |last=Elugbe |first=Ben Ohi |year=1980 |title=Reconstructing the lenis feature in proto-Ẹdoid |journal=Journal of African Languages and Linguistics |volume=2 |pages=39–67 |doi=10.1515/jall.1980.2.1.39 |s2cid=143757407 }} * {{citation |last1=Fleischer |first1=Jürg |last2=Schmid |first2=Stephan |year=2006 |journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=243–253 |title=Zurich German |doi=10.1017/s0025100306002441 |doi-access=free }} *{{citation |last1=Fletcher |first1=Janet |last2=Evans |first2=Nicholas |year=2002 |title=An acoustic phonetic analysis of intonational prominence in two Australian languages |journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=123–140 |doi=10.1017/s0025100302001019 |s2cid=144244382 }} *{{citation |last1=Halle |first1=Morris |author-link=Morris Halle |last2=Hughes |first2=GW |last3=Radley |first3=JPA |year=1957 |title=Acoustic properties of stop consonants |journal=Journal of the Acoustical Society of America |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=107–116 |doi=10.1121/1.1908634 |bibcode=1957ASAJ...29..107H }} *{{citation |last=Jaeger |first=Jeri J. |year=1983 |title=The fortis/lenis question: evidence from Zapotec and Jawoñ |journal=Journal of Phonetics |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=177–189 |doi=10.1016/S0095-4470(19)30814-9 |doi-access=free }} *{{citation |last=Kodzasov |first=Sandro |year=1977 |chapter=Fonetika Archinskogo Jazyka. Part 2 |editor-last=Kibrik |editor-first=A.E. |editor2-last=Kodzasov |editor2-first=S.V. |editor3-last=Olovjannikova |editor3-first=I.P. |display-editors = 3 |editor4-last=Samedov |editor-first4=D.S. |title=Opyt Strukturnogo Opisanija Archinskogo Jazyka |volume=1 |publisher=Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo Universiteta |place=Moscow }} *{{SOWL}} *{{citation |last=Malécot |first=André |year=1968 |title= The Force of Articulation of American Stops and Fricatives as a Function of Position |journal=Phonetica |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=95–102 |doi=10.1159/000258603 |s2cid=143341058 }} *{{citation |last=Merrill |first=Elizabeth |year=2008 |title=Tilquiapan Zapotec |journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=107–114 |doi=10.1017/S0025100308003344 |url=http://www.balsas-nahuatl.org/mixtec/Christian_articles/Otomanguean/Merrill.pdf |doi-access=free }} *{{citation |last1=Nellis |first1=Donald G. |last2=Hollenbach |first2=Barbara E. |year=1980 |title=Fortis versus lenis in Cajonos Zapotec phonology |journal=International Journal of American Linguistics |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=92–105 |doi=10.1086/465639 |s2cid=144452370 }} *{{citation |last=Payne |first=Elinor |year=2006 |title=Non-durational indices in Italian geminate consonants |journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=83–95 |doi=10.1017/s0025100306002398 |s2cid=145195122 |url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ee4f8d18-3c21-4734-a0b3-9462b1c76421 }} *{{citation |last=Silverman |first=Daniel |year=2004 |title=On the phonetic and cognitive nature of alveolar stop allophony in American English |journal=Cognitive Linguistics |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=69–93 |url=http://seedyroad.com/academics/CognitiveLinguistics-15-69-93.pdf |doi=10.1515/cogl.2004.002 |access-date=2011-09-13 |archive-date=2016-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322140656/http://seedyroad.com/academics/CognitiveLinguistics-15-69-93.pdf |url-status=dead }} *{{citation |last=Slis |first=I.H. |year=1971 |title= Articulatory effort and its durational and electromyographic correlates |journal=Phonetica |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=171–188 |doi=10.1159/000259338 |s2cid=145206392 }} *{{citation |last1=Smith |first1=Bruce L. |last2=McLean-Muse |first2=Ann |year=1987 |title= Kinematic Characteristics of Postvocalic Labial Stop Consonants Produced by Children and Adults |journal=Phonetica |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=227–237 |doi=10.1159/000261800 |pmid=3505356 |s2cid=19489369 }} *{{citation |last=Swadesh |first=Morris |author-link=Morris Swadesh |year=1947 |title=The phonemic structure of Proto-Zapotec |journal=International Journal of American Linguistics |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=220–230 |doi=10.1086/463959 |s2cid=143985027 }} {{refend}}
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